Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

842 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following processes is used for the separation of insoluble solid particles from a solid-liquid mixture, if the solid particles are very small and pass through a filter paper?

  1. Chromatography

  2. Crystallisation

  3. Sublimation

  4. Centrifugation

  5. Distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If the solid particles are very small and pass through a filter paper, then centrifugation process is used for the separation of insoluble solid particles from a solid-liquid mixture. Example: Mixtures of solids and liquids, such as fat in the cream by the process of centrifugation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an application of centrifugation process of separation?

  1. Separation of cream from milk in dairies.

  2. Used in washing machines to squeeze out water from clothes.

  3. Used in laboratories to separate collodial particles from their solutions.

  4. Used in laboratories to separate a mixture of acetone and water.

  5. Used in diagnostic labs for blood and urine tests.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A mixture of acetone and water can be separated by the process of distillation.

Multiple choice

A mixture of n-hexane and n-heptane can be separated through the process of _____________ method.

  1. chromatography

  2. distillation

  3. crystallisation

  4. fractional distillation

  5. centrifugation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In case the difference in the boiling points of the liquids is less than 25 kelvin temperature, we use the fractional distillation method. A mixture of n-hexane and n-heptane can be separated through the process of fractional distillation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the criteria to use chromatography for separating components of a mixture?

  1. This method used to separate a mixture comprising of solutes that dissolve in the same solvent.

  2. This method is used for the separation of a mixture containing two miscible liquids that boil without decomposing and have a large difference between their boiling points.

  3. Two immiscible liquids are separated by this method.

  4. In case the difference in the boiling points of the liquids is less than 25 kelvin temperature, we use the chromatography method.

  5. This method is used as a separation and purification method that involves the precipitating of solid crystals from its saturated solution on cooling.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Chromatography is a method used to separate a mixture comprising of solutes that dissolve in the same solvent. Chromatography is used for separating colours in a dye, pigments from natural colours and drugs from blood.

Multiple choice

Chromatography is based on the principle of

  1. difference in density

  2. difference in absorption

  3. difference in mass

  4. difference in adsorption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chromatography is based on the principle of difference in adsorption.

Multiple choice

Which of the following technologies is used to separate a mixture of gases?

  1. Wetting

  2. Protein adsorption

  3. Adsorbtion spillover

  4. Pressure swing adsorption

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is a technology used to separate some gas species from a mixture of gases under pressure according to the species' molecular characteristics and affinity for an adsorbent material. It operates at near-ambient temperatures and so differs from cryogenic distillation techniques of gas separation.

Multiple choice

The science dealing with the arrangement of atoms in solids is known as

  1. chromatography.

  2. crystallography.

  3. distillation.

  4. ultrasonography.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Crystallography is the experimental science of the arrangement of atoms in solids. The word crystallography derives from the Greek words crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with some degree of transparency, and grapho = write.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements can be excluded from the properties of dispersants?

  1. Dispersants in oil drilling are chemicals that aid in breaking up solids or liquids as fine particles or droplets into another medium

  2. Dispersants can not be used to dissipate oil slicks

  3. Dispersing agents are the principal applications of detergents for which the liquid bath is water

  4. A dispersant/plasticizer is added to the gypsum wallboard slurry to reduce the amount of water used, while maintaining the same slump as the slurry without dispersant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dispersants can be used to dissipate oil slicks.They may rapidly disperse large amounts of certain oil types from the sea surface by transferring it into the water column. They will cause the oil slick to break up and form water-soluble micelles that are rapidly diluted.