Science General · Biology

Biology and Science Terminology

1,485 Questions

Science terminology forms the foundation of understanding various biological and physical disciplines. This practice hub features questions on the specific study fields, names of scientific branches, and essential definitions. These questions frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

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Biology and Science Terminology Questions

Multiple choice

The science that deals with atmosphere is called

  1. meteorology

  2. astronomy

  3. astrology

  4. none of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena, including weather and climate. Astronomy studies celestial bodies, and astrology is a pseudoscience claiming divine influence of stars on human affairs.

Multiple choice

The study of birds is known as

  1. optics

  2. ornithology

  3. orthoepy

  4. otology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ornithology is the scientific study of birds, including their behavior, physiology, classification, and ecology. The term comes from the Greek words 'ornis' (bird) and 'logia' (study of).

Multiple choice

Hagiology is a study of _______.

  1. insects

  2. birds

  3. lives of saints

  4. lives of war heroes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hagiology is the branch of literature or study dealing with the lives and writings of saints. It comes from the Greek 'hagios' meaning holy and 'logia' meaning study or writing.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Palaeontology 1. It is the study of geographical distribution of plants and animals.
b. Taxonomy 2. It studies evidences of the past life, in the form of fossils.
c. Biogeography 3. It is the study of the diversity and kind of organisms and the evolutionary relationships among them.

  1. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  2. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Palaeontology studies evidences of the past life, in the form of fossils. Taxonomy is the study of the diversity and kind of organisms and the evolutionary relationships among them. Biogeography is the study of geographical distribution of plants and animals.

Multiple choice

The scientific study of microorganisms is called

  1. anatomy

  2. bionics

  3. microbiology

  4. ecology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Anatomy studies body structure, bionics applies biological systems to engineering, and ecology studies organism-environment interactions. The prefix 'micro-' indicates small organisms.

Multiple choice

The study of the coins and medals is called _____.

  1. Philately

  2. Pedagogy

  3. Lexicography

  4. Numismatics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Numismatics is the study or collection of coins, medals, paper money, and related objects. Philately is the study of stamps, pedagogy is the study of teaching methods, and lexicography is the study of dictionary-making.

Multiple choice

The science dealing with the study of teeth is called

  1. odontology

  2. ornithology

  3. phenology

  4. cosmology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Odontology is the scientific study of teeth, their structure, development, and diseases. This specialized field of dentistry includes forensic odontology for identification purposes. The other options are different scientific fields - ornithology studies birds, phenology studies periodic biological phenomena, and cosmology studies the universe.

Multiple choice

The study of the atmosphere and its phenomena is know as

  1. Hydrology

  2. Geology

  3. Meteorology

  4. Seismology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere and its phenomena, including weather and climate. Option C is correct. Hydrology studies water, Geology studies earth materials, and Seismology studies earthquakes.

Multiple choice

The study of soil is known as

  1. Demography

  2. Geomorphology

  3. Pedology

  4. Petrology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pedology is the scientific study of soils in their natural environment. It focuses on soil formation, classification, and morphology. Demography studies human populations, geomorphology studies landforms, and petrology studies rocks. The term derives from the Greek 'pedon' meaning soil or earth.

Multiple choice

The study of vocabulary is called __________.

  1. lexicology

  2. astrology

  3. entomology

  4. pathology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lexicology is the study of the vocabulary of a language, including word formation, meaning, and usage. Astrology studies celestial bodies' supposed influence. Entomology studies insects. Pathology studies disease processes. The question asks specifically about vocabulary study.

Multiple choice

Synecology is the study of

  1. individuals

  2. relation between plants and animals

  3. environment

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Synecology is the study of the interactions between different species within a community - specifically the relationships between plants and animals in their environment. This differs from autecology (study of individual species). Option A (individuals) would be autecology, option C (environment) is too broad, and option D is incorrect. Synecology focuses on species interactions and community-level relationships in ecosystems.