Geography ยท Science General

Rocks and Earth Materials

1,176 Questions

Study geographical questions centered around rocks, minerals, and earth materials. The focus is on the formation and identification of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These earth science topics are commonly tested in civil services and state level examinations.

Igneous rocksSedimentary rocksMetamorphic processEarth materialsGeomorphic symbols

Rocks and Earth Materials Questions

Multiple choice

What is the name of the process by which rocks are formed from sediments?

  1. Igneous

  2. Sedimentary

  3. Metamorphic

  4. Weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments.

Multiple choice

What is the name of the process by which rocks are changed by heat and pressure?

  1. Igneous

  2. Sedimentary

  3. Metamorphic

  4. Weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and pressure.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a rock that has been subjected to high pressure and temperature, causing it to recrystallize?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature, causing them to recrystallize and form new minerals.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Dome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An anticline is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a series of parallel, alternating arches and troughs.

Multiple choice

Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediment?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediment.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous arch?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Monocline

  4. Dome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A dome is a fold in which the layers of rock are bent into a single, continuous arch.

Multiple choice

Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Extrusive rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface.

Multiple choice

Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of organic material?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentary rocks can be formed from the accumulation and compaction of organic material.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has intruded into the Earth's crust?

  1. Metamorphic rock

  2. Igneous rock

  3. Sedimentary rock

  4. Extrusive rock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Igneous rocks can be formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock that has intruded into the Earth's crust.

Multiple choice

What is the study of the chemical composition of organic matter in the Earth's crust called?

  1. Organic Geochemistry

  2. Geochemistry

  3. Petrology

  4. Mineralogy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Organic geochemistry is the study of the chemical composition of organic matter in the Earth's crust.

Multiple choice

What are the two main types of organic matter found in the Earth's crust?

  1. Fossil fuels and biomass

  2. Minerals and rocks

  3. Water and air

  4. Metals and non-metals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The two main types of organic matter found in the Earth's crust are fossil fuels and biomass.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcano is characterized by a steep-sided cone shape and explosive eruptions?

  1. Shield volcano

  2. Cinder cone volcano

  3. Stratovolcano

  4. Caldera volcano
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Stratovolcanoes, also known as composite volcanoes, are characterized by their steep-sided cone shape and explosive eruptions due to the presence of viscous magma.

Multiple choice

Which type of volcanic eruption is characterized by a continuous outpouring of low-viscosity lava?

  1. Hawaiian eruption

  2. Strombolian eruption

  3. Vulcanian eruption

  4. Pelean eruption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hawaiian eruptions are characterized by the continuous outpouring of low-viscosity lava, forming broad, gently sloping shield volcanoes.