Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

606 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

Aerobic and anaerobic respirations differ from each other in all aspects except............

  1. Involvement of oxygen

  2. Out put of energy

  3. End products

  4. Breakdown of glucose in cytoplasm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration is the breakdown of energy in absence of oxygen.

The energy released in aerobic respiration is higher as glucose is completely broken into CO₂ and H₂O. Whereas, in anaerobic respiration partial breakdown of glucose takes place and energy output is low.
Glycolysis, that converts glucose to pyruvic acid is the only common pathway that occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It takes place in the cytoplasm.
So, the correct option is 'Breakdown of glucose in cytoplasm'

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

Life without air would be

  1. Reductional

  2. Free from oxidative damage

  3. Impossible

  4. Anaerobic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oxygen from air is the chief requirement for aerobic respiration to take place in the cells. However, in absence of air or oxygen, many organisms are capable to respire using anaerobic respiration. Life without air is considered anaerobic.

So the answer is 'anaerobic'.

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

In anaerobic respiration

  1. O$ _2$ is given out.
  2. CO$ _2$ is given out.
  3. CO$ _2$ is taken in.
  4. O$ _2$ is taken in.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration where energy is produced in the absence of oxygen. It occurs in plant cells and some microorganisms (such as yeast) and produces ethanol and carbon dioxide in the presence of little or no oxygen. For example, the roots of plants in waterlogged soils and bacteria in puncture wounds.

Multiple choice chemistry water and air and their importance natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen

Balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in atmosphere is maintained by :

  1. plants

  2. animals

  3. humans

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is maintained in the atmosphere by the oxygen released by plants during photosynthesis and carbon dioxide released by human and animals.

Hence the option D is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry water and air and their importance natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen

How is the percentage of oxygen in an atmosphere maintained?

  1. consumption of carbon dioxide by plants

  2. consumption of oxygen by living beings

  3. consumption of oxygen by plants

  4. consumption of carbon dioxide by animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

The percentage of oxygen in an atmosphere is maintained by consumption of carbon dioxide by plants and consumption of oxygen by living beings.


Hence the options A and B are correct.

Multiple choice zoology environmental factors environmental factors and their measurements climate factors marine life

When we breathe in air, nitrogen also goes inside along with oxygen. What is the fate of this nitrogen?

  1. It moves along with oxygen into the cells
  2. It comes out with the $CO _2$ during exhalation

  3. It is absorbed only by the nasal cells.

  4. Nitrogen concentration is already more in the cells so it is not at all absorbed.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In atmosphere, the nitrogen is present in large quantity about 78%. In our body, nitrogen is about 3%. During inspiration we take $O _2$ with various gases and nitrogen is one of them. During exhalation, the nitrogen comes out with $CO _2$.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control smoke, dust and other air pollutants, acid rain air pollutants and its effects air and air pollution

Excess inhaling of $NO _2$ by human results in:

  1. pulmonary edema

  2. hemorrhage

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Acute harm due $N{ O } _{ 2 }$ exposure is only likely to arise in occupational settings. Direct exposure to the skin can cause irritations and burns. Only very high concentrations of the gaseous form cause immediate distress: 10–20 ppm can cause mild irritation of the nose and throat, 25–50 ppm can cause edema leading to bronchitis or pneumonia, and levels above 100 ppm can cause death due to asphyxiation from fluid in the lungs. There are often no symptoms at the time of exposure other than transient cough, fatigue or nausea, but over hours inflammation in the lungs causes edema.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control smoke, dust and other air pollutants, acid rain air pollutants and its effects air and air pollution

Which of the following has the greatest affinity for haemoglobin?

  1. $N _2$
  2. $NO$
  3. $O _2$
  4. $CO _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

NO binds rapidly to haem iron in Hb and once bound, the NO activity is largely irretrievable, the binding is purportedly so tight as to be unaffected by ${ O } _{ 2 }$ or CO. So, NO has the greatest affinity toward haemoglobin. 

Multiple choice evs excretion in living organisms other systems in the body excretory system in human human excretory organs

$CO _2$ is removed from the blood in the

  1. Ovaries

  2. Heart

  3. Kidney

  4. Lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Blood containing carbon dioxide flows from veins throughout the body to the heart, and then the heart pumps it to the lungs. Small air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs remove the carbon dioxide from the blood and release it into the lungs where it is exhaled. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs respiration in organism respiration in humans mechanism of respiration in animals human lungs

Which of the following is true for $CO _2$ concentration ?

  1. More in alveolar air than in expired air

  2. More in expired air than in alveolar air

  3. More in inspired air than in alveolar air

  4. More in inspired air than in expired air
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The concentration of expired air is more in the alveolar air than in expired air due to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli is more than the atmosphere.

So the correct option is 'More in alveolar air than in expired air'

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Which of the following statements is true about RBCs in humans?

  1. They carry about 20-25 per cent of $CO _{2}$.
  2. They transport 99.5 per cent of $O _{2}$.

  3. They transport about 80 per cent oxygen only and the rest 20 per cent of it is transported in dissolved state in blood-plasma.
  4. They do not carry $CO _{2}$ at all.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nearly 20-25% of $CO _{2}$ is transported by RBCs whereas 70% of it is carried as bicarbonate in plasma. About 7% of $CO _{2}$ is carried in a dissolved state through plasma. About 97% of $O _{2}$ is carried by RBCs in the blood. About 3% of $O _{2}$ Is transported in a dissolved state through the plasma.

So, the correct answer is 'They carry about 20-25 per cent of 
CO2CO2'

Multiple choice evs transportation in animal and plants blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Platelets helps in 

  1. Transport of gases

  2. Clotting

  3. Fight against disease

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
When an injury or a trauma occurs platelets are exposed to air this phenomenon stimulates the platelets to start the clotting process. These platelets react with the protein called fibrinogen with the help of vitamin k and calcium. Fibrinogen forms a mesh of tiny threads that collects red blood cells, which plug the open blood vessels as it dries. This is called a clot. Hence platelets help in clotting.
So, the correct answer is 'Clotting'.
Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

If $1$gm of Hb carries $1.34$mL of $O _2$ and $100$mL of blood has $15$gm Hb then, how much $O _2$ will be carried approximately by $100$mL of arterial blood?

  1. $40$mL
  2. $20$mL
  3. $50$mL
  4. $100$mL
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Given that 1 gram of hemoglobin carries 1.34 mL of oxygen and 100 mL of blood contains 15 grams of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying capacity is calculated as 15 times 1.34 mL, which equals 20.1 mL, approximately 20 mL. Therefore, option B is correct.