Reading Comprehension

Which of the following is the best revision of the underlined portion of sentence no. (2) below?

and a student helped to recognize his difficulties and overcome it.

Directions: Read the passage and select the best answer for the question:

(1) Research in education has of recent years turned its attention to the problem of assessing a student’s progress as accurately as possible. (2) Only when this is done, can a meaningful course of study be laid down and a student helped to recognize his difficulties and overcome it. (3) But, despite all the new thinking on this subject, there is still no acceptable alternative to the examination. (4) There have been remarkable advances in analyzing the process of learning and in framing tests and maintaining week to week records which provide the teacher with valuable information about the progress of his class and of each individual in it. (5) Whether it be at the end of term, or the year, or at the end of a school course or for the purpose of choosing candidates for a course of study and training, the only practicable way of measuring a student’s performance or of assessing his potential is by an examination, supplemented where necessary, by recommendation, interview and other devices.
(6) The most unfortunate by-product of this has been the proliferation of study notes, guides to passing examination, model answers, hints for writing essays and similar travesties of education. (7) There is no need to engage on the unethical nature of these publications. (8) From the student’s point of view a rigorous censorship of this kind of publication would be a great advantage. (9) For one thing these ‘notes’ promote the habit of rote learning. (10) For the other, they are priced more highly than the poems of Wordsworth or the plays of Shakespeare. (11) They are not worth the paper they are printed on.

Which word/phrase if inserted at the beginning of sentence (11) can help combine sentences (10) and (11)?

Directions: Read the passage and select the best answer for the question:

(1) Research in education has of recent years turned its attention to the problem of assessing a student’s progress as accurately as possible. (2) Only when this is done, can a meaningful course of study be laid down and a student helped to recognize his difficulties and overcome it. (3) But, despite all the new thinking on this subject, there is still no acceptable alternative to the examination. (4) There have been remarkable advances in analyzing the process of learning and in framing tests and maintaining week to week records which provide the teacher with valuable information about the progress of his class and of each individual in it. (5) Whether it be at the end of term, or the year, or at the end of a school course or for the purpose of choosing candidates for a course of study and training, the only practicable way of measuring a student’s performance or of assessing his potential is by an examination, supplemented where necessary, by recommendation, interview and other devices.
(6) The most unfortunate by-product of this has been the proliferation of study notes, guides to passing examination, model answers, hints for writing essays and similar travesties of education. (7) There is no need to engage on the unethical nature of these publications. (8) From the student’s point of view a rigorous censorship of this kind of publication would be a great advantage. (9) For one thing these ‘notes’ promote the habit of rote learning. (10) For the other, they are priced more highly than the poems of Wordsworth or the plays of Shakespeare. (11) They are not worth the paper they are printed on.

Some analysts perceive that the real reason behind the rising oil prices is increased speculation about the future value of oil. Specifically, the belief that oil supply is lower than it is and that future oil supply will be just as low have led the traders to inflate oil prices at present. While most of the data show that the output has been slowing down, it is possible that this speculation could account for some hike in oil prices at present.

Which of the following could best weaken the claims made in the above passage?

A shrewd peasant was always well enough protected against impostors in the market place, and we have all sorts of businessmen who have made themselves excellent judges of phoniness without the benefit of a high-school diploma; but this kind of shrewdness goes along with a great deal of credulity. Outside the limited field within which experience has taught the peasant or the illiterate businessman his lessons, he is often hopelessly gullible.

Which of the options provides critical completion of the passage?

It is the arbitrary exemptions from the law provided to the privileged - often violent - sections among the less privileged that are the basis of the widespread sense of injustice, and of the collapse of the authority and legitimacy of the justice system, that would be more correctly identified as the 'root cause' of the pervasive sense of injury than any other failure of the state. Yet, we are constantly told, that we must create even more exceptions to the application of the law to accommodate these forces of violent disruption in order to address this sense of injury.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

Osho Rajneesh, a prominent 20^th century cult leader in India spoke and wrote the way many rational, educated people did. Like them, Osho questioned the dogmas, myths and contradictions of religion and life, but he did so with a clarity that was revolutionary in its scope. As is the case normally with such people, governments and masses did not like him too much for his piercing, thought-provoking and rebellious ideas and constantly criticized him. So much so that he had to leave Oregon in the US when local people protested against his utterances. By the time he died in 1989, however, his criticism of organized, ritualistic religion and his celebration of religion as something private, bringing joy and happiness were widely shared by the middle class. With the passage of time, _______________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

The real description would demand, of course, an exact measurement of the height of the mountain and the geological analysis of its structure, or an exact classification of the tree and the bird, with a complete description of their organs, and in each organ the various tissues have to be described, and in each tissue the various cells, and ______________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

Having made the birds of the United States his study for several years, the writer glanced over the bird carvings in the most cursory manner, being curious to see what species were represented. The inaccurate identification of some of these by the authors of The Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley led to the examination of the series as a whole, and subsequently to the discussion they had received at the hands of various authors. The carvings are, therefore, here considered rather from the stand-point of the _________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

Before a zoologist has completed his description of a bird in the landscape, he has given account of hundreds of thousands of things; but before the psychologist would complete the enumeration of the mental elements which enter into the seeing of an object, he would have to give account of __________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

The psychologist's final task is to explain the appearance and disappearance, the connections and sequences of these mental objects, the contents of consciousness. But before he can start on explanation of the facts, he has to describe them, and describing means analyzing them into their elements and fixating those elements and their combinations for an exact report. Such descriptive work is in a way simple preparation for the further task of real explanation; _________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

It was somewhere in the seventies when old Peaceful Harry woke to a realization that gold-hunting and lumbago do not take kindly to one another, and the fact that his pipe and dim-eyed meditation appealed to him more keenly than did his prospector's pick and shovel and pan seemed to imply that he was growing old. He was a silent man, by occupation and by nature, so he said nothing about it; but, like the wild things of prairie and wood, _____________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

Since in a morally goodwill the law itself must be the motive, the moral interest is a pure interest of practical reason alone, independent of sense. On the notion of an interest is based that of a maxim. This, therefore, is morally good only in case it rests simply on ____________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

Certainly in the same way the psychologist has to go on to resolve every one of those complex structures; he has to examine the mental tissues and the mental cells of which a volition or a memory idea or a perception are composed. And while he cannot use a microscope for these mental elements, yet his studies may cause elements to appear which _______________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

There is hydrogen and there is oxygen, and there is chloride of sodium, and the dark blue color is nothing but the reflection of billions of ether vibrations. But have I really to choose between two statements concerning the waves, one of which is valuable and the other not?

What is the most critical completion of the passage?