Early Human and Prehistoric Cultures

The First settlers on Rome's seven hills were not thinking about building a great empire, they chose the site because it seemed to be a good place to live. The hills made it easy to defend. The soil was fertile. There was a river. But centuries passed, the people of Rome discovered that the location gave them many other advantages. Rome was at the center of a long narrow peninsula we now all Italy. 

Historians often describe Germanic tribes as semi-civilized because they had complex social structures, agriculture, and military organizations, even if they lacked the urban centers of the Roman Empire.

The guillotine is a device designed for carrying out executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame in which a weighted and angled blade is raised to the top and suspended. The condemned person is secured at the bottom of the frame, with his or her neck held directly below the blade. The blade is then released, to fall swiftly and sever the head from the body.

Members of  a tribe follow occupations such as hunting, gathering, farming, herding and fishing. Usually, women do most of the agricultural work, including preparing the ground, sowing seeds, looking after the growing plants and harvesting grain.

Nomadic tribes move to find resources like water and pasture for their livestock, which are subject to seasonal changes. Their mobile lifestyle and socio-economic background are also contributing factors.

Perhaps the most recognisable of East Africa’s tribes, the Maasai (or Masai or Masaai) are a semi-nomadic tribe in southern Kenya & Tanzania. Although they have their own language, Maa, most can speak both English and Swahili as well. With their pierced, stretched earlobes, ornamental bead-work & vivid, brightly coloured attire, the image of the Maasai warrior watching over his herd is a postcard memory of East Africa.

The basin was the watershed of the Congo River populated by pygmy peoples, and eventually Bantu peoples migrated there and founded the Kingdom of Kongo. Belgium, France, and Portugal later established colonial control over the entire region by the late 19th century. The General Act of the Berlin Conference of 1885 gave a precise definition to the "conventional basin" of the Congo, which included the entire actual basin plus some other areas. The General Act bound its signatories to neutrality within the conventional basin, but this was not respected during the First World War.

Tutsis are the tribal group which belong to Central Africa.

Tutsis of Central Africa is known for their epic songs and poetry.

The economy of the South African Velds is heavily dependent on both mining (due to rich mineral deposits like gold and diamonds) and cattle rearing (due to the vast grasslands).

• The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature(ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of animals.
• Rules for nomenclature according to ICZN are 1)It consists of two parts one is the genus epithet and the other is species epithet 2)The genus name is always written first 3)The genus name must be capitalized 4)The species epithet is never capitalized 5)The entire two-part name must be written in italics
• Hence Homo sapiens is the correct depiction of ICZN because according to ICZN rules it has two parts one is genus epithet(Homo) and species epithet(sapiens), Both the parts are in italics, Genus name starts with a capital letter and species name starts with small later.
• So, the correct answer is 'Homo sapiens'

Humans belong to the Hominidae family.

• A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals).
• The energy required daily by hunter-gatherer humans was 2000 - 4000 kcal.
  
• So, the correct answer is ' 2000 - 4000 kcal'.

In ancient times, before modern technology, humans used trained animals (like horses) and birds (like carrier pigeons) to transport messages over distances.