Chemistry

Polymers and Plastics

1,228 Questions

Polymers and plastics questions explore the properties, synthesis, and applications of various synthetic and natural polymers. Key topics include biodegradable plastics, vulcanization, and polymer nanocomposites. These concepts are frequently tested in science and engineering competitive exams.

Biodegradable plasticsPolymer nanocompositesVulcanization of rubberPolymer molecular weightAsphalt binders

Polymers and Plastics Questions

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

In condensation of polymerization, involves monomers which contain functional groups of:

  1. same kind

  2. different kind

  3. all groups

  4. compounds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Condensation polymers involves monomers which join together losing a small molecules as byproducts such as $H _2O$, methanol, etc.

Condensation polymers are formed from two or more different monomers.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Polymer formation from monomers starts by:

  1. condensation reaction between monomers

  2. coordination reaction between monomers

  3. conversion of monomers to monomer ion by protons

  4. hydrolysis of monomers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polymer formation from monomers starts by condensation reaction between monomers by removal of small molecules.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Earlier, gramophone records were made from a natural resin, shellac, which comes from insects on trees. Nowadays, records lighter in weight are made from synthetic plastics like:

  1. polyacrylonitrile

  2. PVC (or polyvinyl chloride)

  3. polythene

  4. bakelite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They are made from PVC (or polyvinylchloride) because they are hard and non-breakable.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

Which of the following polymers can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism ?

  1. PVC

  2. PAN

  3. Telfon

  4. PP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Anionic addition polymerization is a form of chain-growth polymerization or addition polymerization that involves the polymerization of vinyl monomers with strong electronegative groups. This polymerization is carried out through a carbanion active species. 


Like all chain-growth polymerizations, it takes place in three steps: chain initiation, chain propagation and chain termination. 

Characteristics: In order for polymerization to occur with vinyl monomers, the substituents on the double bond must be able to stabilize a negative charge. Stabilization occurs through delocalization of the negative charge. The delocalisation of electron density can be done by Electron withdrawing group such as $CN$, $-F$, $-Cl$ etc.
The solvent is determined by the reactivity of both the initiator and carbanion of the propagating chain end.

Hence, polymers that can be made by anionic addition polymerisation mechanism are PVC, PAN and Teflon.

Multiple choice chemistry fibre to fabric: plant fibre classification of fibres fibres history of fabric

Which of the following is true?

  1. Cellulose is made up of glucose units.

  2. Weaving and knitting are two process to get plastic.

  3. Plastics get corroded easily.

  4. Plastics are not polymers.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cellulose is made up of glucose units by glycosidic bonds.

Weaving and knitting are used to make silk fiber.
Plastic is non-corrosive and it is a polymer of the various compound.
Example: PVC, bakelite, etc.

Multiple choice chemistry fibre to fabric: plant fibre classification of fibres fibres history of fabric

In which of the following, polymer chains are held with hydrogen bonds?

  1. Thermoplastics

  2. Fibres

  3. Thermosetting polymers

  4. Elastomers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$Fibres$ are the thread forming solids which possess high strength and high modulus. This characteristic is attributed to the strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding.

Multiple choice biology waste products reduce, recycle, reuse importance of the conservation of natural resources recycling

In the following groups of materials, which group(s) contains only non-biodegradable items?

  1. wood, paper, leather

  2. polythene, detergent, PVC

  3. plastic, detergent, grass

  4. plastic, bakelite, DDT
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,D Correct answer
Explanation
Non-biodegradable substances are the substances that can't be decomposed or degraded into simpler molecules by the action of microbes. Therefore these substances remain in nature for a long period of time. These include polythene, detergent, PVC (Polyvinyl chloride, a synthetic polymer of plastic) plastic, bakelite, DDT (a pesticide) etc.
Biodegradable substances can be decomposed into simpler molecules by the action of microbes. These include wood, paper, leather, grass etc.
So, the correct answer is option B and D.
Multiple choice biology waste products reduce, recycle, reuse importance of the conservation of natural resources recycling

What is the correct match about biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances? 

  1. Biodegradable- broken down into simpler substances by biological processes.Non-biodegradable- cannot be broken down into simpler ones by biological processes.

  2. Biodegradable- cannot be broken down into simpler ones by biological processes. Non-biodegradable- broken down into simpler substances by biological processes.

  3. Both A and B.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Substances that are broken down into simpler substances by biological processes are said to be biodegradable. For examples, wood, paper. Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler ones by biological processes are said to be non-biodegradable. For example, plastic, DDT.
Multiple choice chemistry man made materials plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

Which of the following is biodegradable substance?

  1. Cotton Cloth

  2. Thermosetting plastics

  3. Thermoplastics

  4. PVC Pipes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As a natural product, cotton is completely biodegradable, which means that it breaks down when put into a composting pile or bin. Because of cotton's biodegradable properties, all-cotton clothing can also be recycled and used in the manufacture of useful materials, such as household insulation


Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

Plastic products are identified by the use of some special numbers. These numbers represent for

  1. Electrical conductivity of plastic product

  2. Thermal resistance of plastic product

  3. Durability of plastic product

  4. Recycling of plastic product
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

These numbers are used to indicate whether the plastic can be recycled into new products or not.