Polymers and Plastics

Lycra is a brand name for elastane, which is a synthetic fiber known for exceptional elasticity. It's a segmented polyurethane copolymer that can stretch 500% without breaking and return to its original shape. Macroglycol and diisocyanate are chemical precursors used to make elastane, not the finished product name. Swimsuits are a common application of Lycra fabric but not the material itself. The term 'elastane' is the generic fiber name used worldwide, while 'spandex' is used primarily in North America.

Cellulose is a natural polymer found in plant cell walls, made of glucose units linked by glycosidic bonds. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), Teflon (PTFE), and Polyethylene are all synthetic polymers produced through chemical processes. Natural polymers come from biological sources like plants and animals.

Coal has an organic origin - it's formed from decomposed plant matter over millions of years. Nylon and Bakelite are synthetic polymers, while sand is inorganic silica.

Cellophane is made from cellulose, a natural polymer found in plant cell walls. Through chemical processing, cellulose is transformed into a synthetic film. Since plastics are defined as synthetic or semi-synthetic polymers that can be molded, cellophane qualifies as a plastic material.

Nylon is a synthetic polymer made from petrochemicals derived from coal and petroleum through chemical processes involving carbon-based compounds.

Plastic is largely non-biodegradable and does not decompose naturally like organic matter. It requires high-energy processes like UV radiation to slowly break down into smaller particles, which can take hundreds of years.

RCF (Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizers) is a government-owned fertilizer manufacturing company. They produce various fertilizers and chemicals for agriculture. The key distractor is 'Tyres' - both are manufacturing, but for different sectors.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a synthetic fluoropolymer used as a non-stick coating for cookware, most famously under the brand name Teflon. Its non-reactive properties and high heat resistance make it ideal for frying pans and other cooking utensils. It is not used in refrigerators, banana peels, or wooden spoons.

Polythene (polyethylene) is formed by polymerization of ethylene (ethene) monomers. Vinyl chloride forms PVC, and ethyl alcohol is not a monomer for common plastics.

Sols of metals, e.g. gold sol, platinum sol, etc. and the sols of insoluble substances such as metal sulfides and oxides are some examples of lyophobic sols.

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All are amorphous except 'Naphthalene', which is crystalline.

Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is used in bulletproof vests and armor due to its exceptional strength-to-weight ratio and impact resistance. It absorbs and disperses kinetic energy from projectiles. Polyamides (nylon) are strong but less impact-resistant, PVC is rigid, polycarbonates are impact-resistant but not used for ballistic protection.

Hydrazine N₂H₄ is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly toxic and dangerously unstable. It is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams. It also acts as a precursor to polymerization catalysts and pharmaceuticals.

No, it is not correct. Yes, it is the correct answer.