Plant Propagation Techniques

An unorganized mass of cells is called callus. When it is treated with suitable hormones, it forms tiny root and shoot, which are called rootlet and shootlet, respectively. At this stage, it is called a plantlet.

This is the property of plant cell to give rise to whole plant.

Gibberellic acids promote linear growth. This is called ‘bolting’.

Transplantation is the placing of a seeding into the field, manuring is the addition of manure; drilling is to sowing seeds by using drill machine and broadcasting refers to scatter the seeds with hands.

Invitro, in Latin, means “in glass”. It refers to biological process occurring usually under experimental conditions, outside the cell or organism body. This holds good for tissue culture and it also gives large-scale commercial yield. On the contrary, natural selection, budding and sporulation are natural, i.e. in-vivo methods and cannot be used for large-scale production.

In tissue culture, the selected cells from shoot tip etc. are allowed to proliferate and form new plants. This process is done under lab conditions and is not a natural method. Since it involves cells from only one plant, it is essentially asexual. There is no formation of spores and instead tiny plantlets are produced. Thus, only option (3) is correct.

Grafting is a horticultural technique whereby tissues of plants are joined so as to continue their growth together. This allows different fruits to grow on the same tree.

Plant introduction is the process of bringing a plant species or variety into a new geographical area where it was previously not grown. This is a common method in agricultural breeding to expand crop diversity.

The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell is called totipotency.

null

null

Runners are horizontally oriented stems that grow along the soil surface. Their function is vegetative production. Example: number of grasses have stolons. Strawberries are normally propagated asexually by two different methods: runners (stolons) and crown division.

Hydroponics is the method of growing plants in a water-based, nutrient-rich solution rather than in soil.

The main examples are banana, pineapple, rose, jasmine, etc. in which vegetative propagation is practised.

Cross pollination is not a type of vegetative propagation.