Biology

Plant Transport and Physiology

2,012 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.

Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots

Plant Transport and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds introduction to reproduction

Epiphyllous buds take part in

  1. Growth in length

  2. Photosynthesis

  3. Reproduction

  4. Reduction in transpiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Epiphyllous buds (adventitious buds) develop on the margins of leaves in plants like Bryophyllum. These buds serve as a means of vegetative reproduction, allowing the plant to grow into new individuals.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

The movement of molecules in phloem is

  1. Unidirectional.

  2. Bidirectional.

  3. Non-directional.

  4. Sometimes unidirectional and sometimes bidirectional.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem is responsible for transport of food and minerals. Food synthesized in photosynthetic parts is translocated to nonphotosynthetic parts through the phloem. Phloem translocates organic substances and inorganic solutes first from leaves to all other parts of the plant and storage organs. Storage organs re-export organic nutrients to those parts which require the same as newly formed leaves and fruits i.e., it is bidirectional.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

In plants, water is transported through

  1. Xylem

  2. Phloem

  3. Stomata

  4. Root hair
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Xylem functions as a conducting tissue for water and minerals from roots to the stem and leaves.
  • It also provides mechanical strength to the plant parts. It is composed of four different kinds of elements, namely, tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres, and xylem parenchyma.
  • Hence In plants, water is transported through Xylem.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Xylem'.
Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

In higher plants, transport of food material occurs through ______________.

  1. Companion cells

  2. Sieve elements

  3. Tracheids

  4. Transfusion tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The food manufactured in the leaves is translocated upwards and downwards. And to all the parts of the plant through its phloem. The phloem conducts some other substances like amino acids. The conducting cells of the phloem are cylindrical cells known as sieve tubes. These partitions are known as sieve plates. Sieve elements are the food conducting cells of many phloem tissues. Sieve elements in angiosperms are the sieve tubes, while in gymnosperms and pteridophytes, these are sieve cells.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

In plants, phloem tissues perform the function of 

  1. Conduction of water

  2. Conduction of food

  3. Photosynthesis

  4. Mechanical suppor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In plants, phloem tissues perform the function of  conduction of food.

Phloem helps in conducting food materials. It is composed of:
• Sieve tube elements
• Companion cells
• Phloem parenchyma
• Phloem fibres
Sieve tube elements are tube-like elongated structures associated with companion cells. The end walls of sieve tube elements are perforated to form the sieve plate. Sieve tube elements are living cells containing cytoplasm and nucleus. Companion cells are parenchymatous in nature. They help in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tube elements. Phloem parenchyma helps in the storage of food and is made up of long tapering cells, with a dense cytoplasm. Phloem fibres are made up of elongated sclerenchymatous cells with thick cell walls.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Function of phloem in the plant is____________

  1. Transport of water

  2. Transport of food

  3. Photosynthesis

  4. Growth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars from source tissues (e.g., photosynthetic leaf cells) to sink tissues (e.g., non-photosynthetic root cells or developing flowers). 
  • Other molecules such as proteins and mRNAs are also transported throughout the plant via phloem. Phloem is composed of several cell types including sclerenchyma, parenchyma, sieve elements and companion cells. 
  • The sieve element and companion cell are found closely associated with each other in what is referred to as the sieve element/companion cell complex. One or more companion cells may be associated with a single sieve element. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

In plants, food is transported through_____________

  1. Phloem parenchyma

  2. Xylem parenchyma

  3. Xylem

  4. Phloem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In-plant food is transported through the phloem.

Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars from source tissues to sink tissues. Other molecules such as proteins and mRNAs are also transported throughout the plant via the phloem.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Food substances travel up and down through

  1. Xylem

  2. Phloem

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Xylem is a type of vascular tissue in plants that transports water and solutes from the roots to the leaves. Phloem is the vascular tissue in plants which conducts sugars and other metabolic products (food) upward and downwards from the leaves.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

In autotrophs, water is transported by means of__________________

  1. Xylem

  2. Phloem

  3. Stomata

  4. Roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Vascular tissues make up the organs that transport water, minerals, and food throughout the plant. Vascular tissue can be divided into two functional units. Xylem transports water and minerals from root to shoot. 
  • Phloem transports nutrients (such as sugar and amino acids) from leaves and other production sites to roots, flowers, stems, and other tissues.
Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Phloem tissue is responsible for

  1. Translocation

  2. Transportation

  3. Evaporation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem tissue is responsible for translocation, which is the transport of soluble organic substances, e.g., sugar. The substances travel along sieve elements, but other types of cells are also present: the companion cells, parenchyma cells, and fibres.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Food is transported in leaves with the help of

  1. Tracheids

  2. Phloem

  3. Xylem

  4. Water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The food manufactured in the leaves is translocated upwards, downwards and laterally to all parts of the plant through the phloem. The phloem also conducts some other substances such as amino acids. The conducting cells of the phloem are cylindrical cells called sieve tubes, which have sieve like partitions at both ends. These partitions are called as sieve plates. 

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

The xylem in plants are responsible for

  1. Transport of water

  2. Transport of food

  3. Transport of amino acids

  4. Transport of oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Xylem tissues include tracheids, vessels, fibres and parenchyma and serve in the ascent of sap/water and minerals. Phloem tissues is a composed of four elements namely, sieve elements, companion cell, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma and serve in translocation of organic nutrients. Transfer RNA (tRNA) serve as carrier RNA and transports amino acids from cell pool to the mRNA bound to the ribosome where the protein is being synthesized. Haemoglobin molecule contains four polypeptide chains and four heme prosthetic groups. It serves as a carrier of oxygen gas. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Phloem tissue is responsible for __________

  1. Translocation

  2. Transportation

  3. Evaporation

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem tissue is responsible for translocation, which is the transport of soluble organic substances, for example, sugar. The substances travel along sieve elements, but other types of cells are also present: the companion cells, parenchyma cells, and fibers.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Loading of phloem means

  1. Elongation of phloem cells

  2. Separation of phloem parenchyma

  3. Strengthening of phloem fibres

  4. Pouring of sugar into phloem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Loading of phloem is a process of loading carbon into the phloem for transport to different sinks in a plant. Sinks include metabolism, growth, storage and other processes or organ that need carbon solutes to persist.

So, the correct answer is 'Pouring of sugar into phloem'.

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport in the phloem of plants vascular tissue permanent tissue

Radioactive tracer studies with $^{14}$C have shown that

  1. Phloem transports organic nutrients

  2. Phloem transports inorganic nutrients

  3. Xylem transports inorganic nutrients

  4. Xylem transports organic nutrients
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The radioactive tracer is a chemical compound used to determine the atoms and molecules by the virtue of radioactive decay. The age of a tree, transportation of solute through phloem etc is seen through the use of radioactive of carbon. 

So, the correct answer is 'Phloem transports organic nutrients'.