Biology
Plant Transport and Physiology
2,012 Questions
Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.
Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots
Plant Transport and Physiology Questions
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Xerophytes
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Lithophytes
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Halphytes
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Mesophytes
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because the soil is physiologically dry
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because the soil is physiologically wet
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due to excessive water
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due to shortage of water
A
Correct answer
Explanation
In water-logged soil, oxygen is displaced by water. This creates an anaerobic environment that prevents root respiration, making it difficult for the plant to absorb water, a condition known as physiological drought.
Make suitable pair:
| |
|
| A. Movement of curvature |
a. Growth movement |
| B. Movement of locomotion |
b. Turgor pressure |
| C. Movement of variation |
c. Tactic movement |
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Aa, Bb, Cc
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Ab, Ba, Cc
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Aa, Bc, Cb
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Aa, Bc, Ca
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Movement of curvature is due to growth movement.
Movement of locomotion is due to tactic movement.
Movement of variation is due to turgor pressure.
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plasmolysis
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exosmosis
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endosmosis
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electrolysis
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Turgidity occurs when water enters the plant cell via endosmosis, causing the cell to swell and press against the cell wall. Plasmolysis is the opposite process where water leaves the cell.
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Transpiration
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Translocation
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Secretion of resins and gums
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Through leaves
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Translocation is the process of transporting food (sugars) from leaves to other parts of the plant via the phloem; it is a transport process, not a mode of excretion.
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xylem
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phloem
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stomata
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cork
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Plants excrete excess water primarily through transpiration, which occurs through the stomata on the surface of leaves.
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lignin and cellulose
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cellulose and resin
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resin and gums
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gums and lignin
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Plants excrete waste products like resins and gums, which are often stored in old xylem or bark. Lignin and cellulose are structural components of the plant cell wall, not excretory waste products.
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CO2 and N2
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CO2 and O2
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N2 and H2
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O2 and N2
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Plants release carbon dioxide as a byproduct of respiration and oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis. Both gases are considered excretory products in the context of gas exchange.
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Xylem
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Palisade cells
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Root hairs
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Phloem
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for the translocation of sugars and other nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Stomata
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Lenticels
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Xylem is the specialized vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
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Slow transport system
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High energy needs
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No mobility
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Large proportion of dead cells
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Plants are autotrophic and sedentary, meaning they do not require the high energy levels needed by mobile animals for movement. They possess slow transport systems and a large proportion of dead cells for structural support.
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translocation
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photosynthesis
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root pressure
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shoot pressure
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Water transport in plants is driven by the transpiration pull created by evaporation at the leaves and the root pressure generated by active ion uptake in roots.
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transpiration
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translocation
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excretion
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circulation
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Transpiration is the process by which water vapor is lost from the aerial parts of a plant, primarily through the stomata in leaves.
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leaves
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shoots
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roots
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flowers
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The xylem tissue transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots upward to the rest of the plant.