Biology

Plant Transport and Physiology

2,012 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.

Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots

Plant Transport and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Quiescent center: (a) Quiescent center is a zone of inactive cells between the root cap and calyptrogen. (b) It is located in the distal region of root apex between root cap and the active meristematic region. (c) It is named as Quiescent center because its cells divide slowly. Which of the above statements are correct?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the statements are correct.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Dorsiventral leaf: (a) Stomata are mostly present on the upper surface. (b) The spongy parenchyma has large inter-cellular spaces and air cavities. (c) The vascular bundles have sclerenchymatous patches only on the upper side. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Statements (b) and (c) are correct.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Hydathodes: (a) These are water secreting structures or water glands. (b) They are found over the surface of leaves. (c) Exudation of water through water stomata is known as guttation. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (b) is incorrect. They are found along the margin and apex of leaves.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Bi-collateral bundle: (a) Single patch of phloem are present. (b) Xylem is surrounded by phloem both on the inner as well as on the outer sides. (c) Single cambium strip present between the xylem and phloem. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of these

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (b) is correct. Xylem is surrounded by phloem both on the inner as well as on the outer sides.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: (a) In an Amphivasal vascular bundle, the center is occupied by phloem and is surrounded by xylem. (b) Primary phloem is derived from pro-cambium and differentiated into proto-phloem and meta-phloem. (c) In conjoint vascular bundles, the xylem and phloem are found in separate groups and placed on different radii. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (c) is incorrect. In radial vascular bundles, not conjoint vascular bundles, the xylem and phloem are found in separate groups and placed on different radii, e.g., dicot and monocot roots.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding interfascicular cambium: (a) It is a primary meristem. (b) It is present in the primary stem within the vascular bundles. (c) It is derived from the pro-cambium of stem's apical meristem. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is incorrect. It is a secondary meristem. Statement (b) is incorrect. It develops at the time of secondary growth. Statement (c) is incorrect. It develops from the permanent cells of primary medullary rays through differentiation.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Root apex: (a) It develops from permanent tissue which regains the power of division. (b) Cells are isodiametric and without large vacuoles. (c) It forms primary tissue except intra-fascicular cambium. (d) It results in primary growth. Which of the above statements is incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. Only (d)

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is incorrect. It develops from promeristem, not permanent tissue.

Multiple choice

Root knot nematode affects the plant cell wall with the help of

  1. saliva

  2. stylet

  3. teeth

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Root-knot nematodes use their stylet (a needle-like mouthpart) to pierce plant cell walls and establish feeding sites. The stylet is a specialized structure for penetration and feeding. They do not use teeth (nematodes don't have teeth) or saliva (they secrete substances through the stylet, but the stylet itself is the penetrating organ).

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: Lateral roots originate A. endogenously B. from pericycle cells C. exogenously D. from endodermal cells

Which of these statements are correct?

  1. A and B

  2. C and D

  3. A and D

  4. B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lateral roots originate from within the root (endogenously) specifically from pericycle cells. Pericycle is a layer of cells located just inside the endodermis, and these cells retain meristematic potential to form lateral roots. The other options incorrectly state exogenous origin or wrong tissue origin.

Multiple choice

The pathway of water from the soil through the plant to the atmosphere is

  1. cortex - epidermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata - endodermis

  2. epidermis - cortex - Casparian strip - endodermis - sieve cells - intercellular spaces in the mesophyll - stomata

  3. casparian strip - root hairs - epidermis - cortex - xylem - endodermis - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata

  4. root hairs - cortex - endodermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The correct pathway is: root hairs (absorption) → cortex (through apoplast) → endodermis (via symplast through Casparian strip) → vessel elements/xylem (upward transport) → intercellular spaces in mesophyll (in leaves) → stomata (transpiration). Options A, B, and C all have incorrect sequences or missing steps.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct for stomata?

  1. Pores on leaf surface

  2. Membrane around the cell

  3. Pigment to help in photosynthesis

  4. Central dark area in a cell

  5. Membrane around the nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pores on leaf surface are called stomata, which help in gas exchange and transpiration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not caused by growth movement?

  1. Bending of the shoot of a plant in response to light

  2. Closing up of leaves of a sensitive plant on touching with an object

  3. Climbing up of a plant on an object by using tendrils

  4. Movement of the root of a plant towards a source of water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Closing up of leaves of a sensitive plant on touching with an object is nastic movement, not tropic movement.