Biology

Plant Transport and Physiology

1,834 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.

Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots

Plant Transport and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

How does a plant accumulate ions from the soil, which has a lower concentration than that in the plant?

  1. It applies pressure to push ions outside the cell.

  2. It applies pressure to push ions into the cell.

  3. It expends energy to transport ions against the concentration gradient.

  4. Its roots grow around soil particles trapping the ions in a cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Active transport moves ions from low concentration in soil to high concentration in plant cells, requiring energy expenditure. This is the opposite of passive diffusion which follows concentration gradients. Options A and B incorrectly suggest pressure mechanisms, while D describes a physical trapping process unrelated to ion uptake.

Multiple choice

Nitrogen is utilized by plants for

  1. reproduction

  2. photosynthesis

  3. transpiration

  4. growth & development

  5. excretion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrogen is utilized by plants for protein synthesis, which is essential for growth and development of the plants.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. All the gaseous exchange takes place in leaves through stomata for the purpose of photosynthesis. b. The plant closes the stomata when it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis as large amount of oxygen is lost through them. c. The opening and closing of stomatal pore is a function of guard cells.

  1. only a

  2. only b

  3. only c

  4. a and b

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. The opening and closing of stomatal pore is a function of guard cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Xylem vessel is a non-living tube which runs like a drainpipe through the plant. b. Tracheids are long, thin, spindle-shaped cells which are the only water-conducting tissues in all plants. c. Xylem translocates food and hormones in plants.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and b

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Xylem vessel is a non-living tube which runs like a drainpipe through the plant.

Multiple choice

Which of the following modified roots help a plant in the process of respiration?

  1. Epiphytic roots

  2. Annulated roots

  3. Floating roots

  4. Haustoria

  5. Assimilatory roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

These roots are found in aquatic plants. These roots develop from the nodes of the floating branches. The roots are spongy and are colourless. These roots are present above the level of water. As these roots are spongy and soft, they store air in them, which help the plant in floating. They also help in respiration process.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct for plant tissues?

  1. They are responsible for the transport of materials in the plants.
  2. They cannot be further divided.
  3. They run parallel from roots to leaves.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2 and 3

  3. Only1 and 3

  4. Only 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The complex plant tissues are composed of xylem and phloem. They are responsible for the transport of materials in the plant and they run parallel from roots to leaves.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. In plants, transpiration only takes place through stomata.
  2. Smaller cells are more metabolically active than larger ones.

Which of the given statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. Transpiration does not take place through stomata only. Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. Statement 2 is correct. The smaller the cell, the more it will be active metabolically, e.g. RBCs which are smaller as compared to other body cells carry the maximum oxygen to body parts. 

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding Hydathodes: (a) These are water secreting structures or water glands. (b) They are found over the surface of leaves. (c) Exudation of water through water stomata is known as guttation. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (b) is incorrect. They are found along the margin and apex of leaves.

Multiple choice

Root knot nematode affects the plant cell wall with the help of

  1. saliva

  2. stylet

  3. teeth

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Root-knot nematodes use their stylet (a needle-like mouthpart) to pierce plant cell walls and establish feeding sites. The stylet is a specialized structure for penetration and feeding. They do not use teeth (nematodes don't have teeth) or saliva (they secrete substances through the stylet, but the stylet itself is the penetrating organ).

Multiple choice

The pathway of water from the soil through the plant to the atmosphere is

  1. cortex - epidermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata - endodermis

  2. epidermis - cortex - Casparian strip - endodermis - sieve cells - intercellular spaces in the mesophyll - stomata

  3. casparian strip - root hairs - epidermis - cortex - xylem - endodermis - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata

  4. root hairs - cortex - endodermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The correct pathway is: root hairs (absorption) → cortex (through apoplast) → endodermis (via symplast through Casparian strip) → vessel elements/xylem (upward transport) → intercellular spaces in mesophyll (in leaves) → stomata (transpiration). Options A, B, and C all have incorrect sequences or missing steps.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct for stomata?

  1. Pores on leaf surface

  2. Membrane around the cell

  3. Pigment to help in photosynthesis

  4. Central dark area in a cell

  5. Membrane around the nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pores on leaf surface are called stomata, which help in gas exchange and transpiration.