Biology

Plant Transport and Physiology

2,012 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.

Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots

Plant Transport and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice movement in plants living world of plants - plant physiology biology

Movements of leaves of the sensitive plant Mimosa pudica is due to

  1. Thermonasty

  2. Seismonasty

  3. Photonasty

  4. Nyctinasty
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A response of a plant that causes movement independent of the direction of the stimulus is a nastic response. It is not a growth response. This type of response is reversible and can be repeated many times. Seismonasty is a nastic movement in response to shock.When the leaflets are touched, there is rapid folding of the leaflets of the sensitive plant due to changes in turgor pressure. Mimosa pudica is known as touch me not plant for this feature.
Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice movement in plants living world of plants - plant physiology biology

Thigmonastic movement is found in

  1. <p> Albizzia</p>

  2. <p> Oxalis</p>

  3. <p> Drosera</p>

  4. <p> Nepenthes</p>
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Thigmonastic movement is the nastic or nondirectional movement shown by plant part in response to the touch or vibration. Plants like Mimosa and Albizzia shows thigmonastic movement. Oxalis shows photonastic movement. Drosera shows haptonastic movement. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Albizzia'.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Mycorrhiza works as

  1. Modified leaf

  2. Mechanical support

  3. Root hairs in adverse condition

  4. Modified stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots in which both gets benefit from each other. Fungus acts as the plant's root hairs and acts as an extension of the root system for more absorption of nutrients and in turn receives carbohydrates (sugars) and growth factors from the plant, Plants with thick roots, poorly branched and with few root hairs, are usually more dependent on mycorrhizae for normal growth and development. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

"Pollen grains are protected by a mucilaginous covering and having a specific gravity". This is characteristic of which type of pollination.

  1. Anemophily

  2. Entomophily

  3. Hydrophily

  4. Zoophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In hydrophily (pollination by water), pollen grains are often protected by a mucilaginous covering to prevent wetting and have a specific gravity that allows them to float or remain submerged at the level of the stigma.

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Common between sclerenchyma and collenchyma is

  1. Material transport

  2. Conduction of water and minerals

  3. Providing buoyancy

  4. Providing support
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Plants are composed of a variety of different cells, two of which are sclerenchyma and collenchyma. The similarity of both cells is that both of them function for support. These cells are two of the three classes of ground tissue together with Parenchyma cells. Collenchyma cells are responsible for giving support to extra structural regions and Sclerenchyma cells are the main structural support for plants. 
So, the correct answer is 'Providing support.'
Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Compare the statements a and b
Statement a. Sclerenchyma cells do not have plasmodesmata
Statement b. Cell walls of some permanent tissues are heavily lignified.

  1. Statement a is correct and b is wrong

  2. Both the statements a and b are wrong

  3. Both the statements a and b are correct

  4. Statement a is wrong and b is correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plasmodesmata are narrow channels that act as intercellular cytoplasmic bridges to facilitate communication and transport of materials between plant cells and are not found in Sclerenchyma cells. Sclerenchyma fibres are long and narrow and have thick lignified cell walls. They provide mechanical strength to the plant and allow for the conduction of water. Sclereids are specialised sclerenchyma cells with thickened, highly lignified walls with pits running through the walls.

So, the correct answer is 'Both the statements a and b are correct.'

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

In which of the following sclerenchyma cells, the secondary cell walls are present

  1. The cells containing cytoplasm only

  2. The cells with protoplast

  3. Cells which are living at maturity

  4. Cells which are non-living at maturity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sclerenchyma, in plants, support tissue composed of any of various kinds of hard woody cells. Mature sclerenchyma cells are usually dead cells that have heavily thickened secondary walls containing lignin. 

So, the correct answer is 'Cells which are non-living at maturity.'

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Choose the incorrect statement.

  1. Permanent tissues having all cells similar in structure and function are called simple tissue.

  2. Complex tissue has different types of cells performing different functions altogether.

  3. Secondary meristem is lateral meristem.

  4. The cells of permanent tissues divide further.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Permanent tissues may be defined as a group of living or dead cells formed by meristematic tissue and have lost their ability to divide and have permanently placed at fixed positions in the plant body. Meristematic tissues that take up a specific role lose the ability to divide. This process of taking up a permanent shape, size and a function is called cellular differentiation. Cells of meristematic tissue differentiate to form different types of permanent tissues.
Simple tissues - A group of cells which are similar in origin; similar in structure and similar in function are called simple permanent tissue.
  • Complex permanent tissue - The complex tissue consists of more than one type of cells which work together as a unit. Complex tissues help in the transportation of organic material, water and minerals up and down the plants. That is why it is also known as conducting and vascular tissue.
  • Lateral Meristem - This meristem consists of cells which mainly divide in one plane and cause the organ to increase in diameter and growth. Lateral meristem usually occurs beneath the bark of the tree in the form of Cork Cambium and in vascular bundles of dicots in the form of vascular cambium. The activity of this cambium results in the formation of secondary growth.

So the correct option is 'The cells of permanent tissues divide further'.

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Stone cells is an alternative name of 

  1. Cortical fibres

  2. Sclereids

  3. Xylary fibres

  4. Phloem fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A. Cortical fibres are the extraxylary fibres present in cortex.

B. Sclereides are excessively thick walled short sclerenchyma cells.

C. Xylary fibres are the sclerenchyma fibres present in the xylem.

D. Phloem fibres are the sclerenchyma fibres present in the phloem.

So the correct answer is ‘sclereids’.

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Which simple permanent tissue is formed of dead cells?

  1. Collenchyma

  2. Sclerenchyma

  3. Aerechyma

  4. Xylem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Collenchyma, is the simple permanent mechanical tissue, formed of living cells. 

Sclerenchyma, is the simple permanent mechanical tissue, formed of dead cells.

Aerenchyma, is a type of parenchyma, simple permanent tissue, formed of living cells.

Xylem is a simple complex permanent tissue formed of the majority of dead cells. 

So, the correct answer is ‘Sclerenchyma’.

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Sclerenchymatous cells in their cell walls have large percentage of

  1. Cellulose

  2. Pectin

  3. Lignin

  4. Silica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue which is mainly composed of dead cells. The walls consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. These are the principal supporting cells in plant tissues that have ceased elongation. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice botany plant tissues permanent tissues and their types simple permanent tissues tissues: plant tissues

Which of the following is/are composed of dead cells?

  1. Sclerenchyma

  2. Tracheids

  3. Vessels

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Sclerenchyma cell is a simple permanent tissue which is mainly composed of dead cells. It provides strength and rigidity to the stem. 
  • It forms the protective covering of nuts and fruits. Their cell walls contain, besides cellulose, a high proportion of lignin. 
  • It forms a protective coating on seeds and nuts.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.