Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sphagnum is also called peat moss because?

  1. It grows in acidic marshes(bog) and helps in peat formation

  2. It is found in peat

  3. It decays to form peat

  4. It gets fossilized quickly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • It also holds onto nutrients so that they aren't rinsed out of the soil when you water the plant. 
  • Peat moss alone does not make a good potting medium. 
  • Sphagnum is sometimes called peat moss because much of the dead material in a peat bog comes from sphagnum moss that grew on top of the bog and induces the formation of peat.
  • So. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Bryophyta includes

  1. Mosses

  2. Club mosses

  3. Spike mosses

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes comprises of three classes- Hepaticae (Liver worts), Anthocerotae (Horn worts) and Musci (Mosses). Mosses have erect radially symmetrical leafy plant body produced from a filamentous or thalloid juvenile stage called as protonema. The sporophyte contains large amount of green tissue and is partially dependent upon the gametophyte. e.g., Funaria (cord moss), Sphagnum (Bog or Peat moss), Polytrichum etc. 

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Which of these is mismatched?

  1. Phaneros -Visible

  2. Kryptos -Concealed

  3. Gymno - Naked

  4. Bryon - Liverworts

  5. Trachea - Windpipe
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The word bryophyte is the collective term for mosses, hornworts and liverworts and bryology is the study of bryophytes. Bryophytes derived from Greek, 'Bryon' means moss and 'phyte' means plant. 

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte of Riccia is _______________.

  1. Total parasite

  2. Partial parasite

  3. Saprophyte

  4. Autotroph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sporophyte of Riccia is extremely simple, consisting only of a capsule embedded within the gametophytic thallus. Lacking any photosynthetic tissue, foot, or seta to absorb nutrients independently, it is completely dependent on the gametophyte, making it a total parasite.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Antherozoids of moss are

  1. Short, curved and biflagellate

  2. Rod-shaped, biciliate

  3. Short and multiflagellate

  4. Long and multiciliate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The antherozoids (male gametes) of mosses are typically spirally coiled, elongated, and possess two flagella (biflagellate) at their anterior end, which help them swim through water to reach the egg.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

In Riccia/bryophytes

  1. Sporophyte is parasitic over gametophyte

  2. Gametophyte is parasitic over sporophyte

  3. Sporophyte is independent of gametophyte

  4. Sporophyte is semiparasite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In all bryophytes, including Riccia, the sporophyte is physically attached to and nutritionally dependent (either partially or completely) on the dominant, independent gametophyte. Thus, the sporophyte is parasitic on the gametophyte.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Moss protonema resembles in structure with 

  1. Multicellular green alga

  2. Hypha of Rhizopus

  3. Unicellular structure of Acetabularia

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The protonema is a filamentous, branched, and multicellular green structure that develops from a germinating moss spore. Because of its photosynthetic nature and filamentous growth, it closely resembles a multicellular green alga. This structural similarity is often cited as evolutionary evidence linking bryophytes to green algae.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Moss plant is a

  1. Gametophyte

  2. Sporophyte

  3. Sometimes gametophyte and sometimes sporophyte

  4. Predominantly gametophyte with sporophyte attached to it
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The main, conspicuous, green leafy plant of a moss is the gametophyte, which represents the dominant haploid phase of its life cycle. The diploid sporophyte is physically dependent on the gametophyte and is only present temporarily for spore production.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Juvenile state of moss is

  1. Protonema

  2. Capsule

  3. Prothallus

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The protonema is the juvenile, filamentous stage in the life cycle of a moss that develops directly from the germination of a spore. It eventually gives rise to the leafy gametophore (the adult moss plant) through the development of lateral buds. Prothallus is the gametophyte of pteridophytes, not mosses.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Which one controls dehiscence of sporangium in Dryopteris?

  1. Annulus

  2. Tapetum

  3. Sorus

  4. Indusium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the fern Dryopteris, the sporangium wall has a specialized ring of cells with differentially thickened walls called the annulus. As the sporangium dries, the tension in the water inside the annulus cells causes them to contract, eventually tearing open the sporangium at the stomium to release the spores.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

In moss, antheridia and archegonia occur at the tips of two different branches of the same plant. The condition is called

  1. Monoecious and autoicous

  2. Monoecious and paroicous

  3. Monoecious and synoicous

  4. Dioecious
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option 'A' is correct

Monoecious and autoicous means that both the male and female sex organ i.e., artheridia and archegonia are found on same individual or plant (monoicous) but on two different branches of the plant. The sex organs are present at the tips of the branches.

Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Sporophyte is completely dependent in

  1. Selaginella

  2. Dryopteris

  3. Riccia

  4. Pinus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In bryophytes like Riccia, the sporophyte is extremely simple, consisting only of a capsule embedded within the gametophytic thallus, completely lacking chlorophyll, a foot, or a seta. Consequently, it is entirely dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition, water, and physical protection. In contrast, pteridophytes and gymnosperms have dominant, independent sporophytes.