Chemistry · Science General

Periodic Table and Elements

421 Questions

The periodic table and elements questions test knowledge of chemical properties, atomic structures, and periodic trends. Topics include alkali metals, transition elements, and ionisation potential. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of competitive examinations.

Alkali metals propertiesTransition elementsLattice energyIonisation potentialAlkaline earth metals

Periodic Table and Elements Questions

Multiple choice

Arrange the elements Cl, Al, Na and S in the decreasing order of their ionisation potential.

  1. Na > Al > S > Cl

  2. Cl > Al > S > Na

  3. Na > S > Al > Cl

  4. Cl > Na > S > Al

  5. Cl > S > Al > Na

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The third period in the modern periodic table consists of the elements sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, phosphorous, sulphur, chlorine and argon, in that order. The given elements belong to the third period. As we move from left to right of a period, the ionisation potential increases. Hence, sodium has the least ionisation potential and chlorine has the highest. So, the fifth option is correct.

Multiple choice

The element with the highest electron affinity is

When an atom gains electron, energy is given off and this energy is known as electron affinity for that particular atom or molecule. Electron affinity is defined as the energy released when an electron is added to a gaseous atom or ion. 

T + e- =  T-

Cl + e--= Cl1- 

(Ne)3s23p5------>(Ne)3s23p6

 

                                        

 

                                       

 

                                        



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. 11Na23

  2. 12Mg24

  3. 14Si28

  4. 17Cl35

  5. 18Ar36
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Electron affinity - 349 kJ/mole

 

Multiple choice

Which of the following factors does not effect the metallic character of an element?

When an element shows properties like loosing electrons easily, getting reduced easily, formation of ionic halides and basic oxides and has the ability to displace hydrogen from dilute acids, it is considered to be a metal. Metallic character decreases across a period. This occurs because atoms accept electrons more readily to fill the valence shell than loosing one. Metallic character increases while moving down a group because atoms lose electrons more easily because of the increase in the atomic radii, resulting in decrease in the attraction between nucleus and valence electrons.

  1. Atomic size

  2. Ionisation energy

  3. Electronegativity

  4. Atomic radius

  5. Electronic configuration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.

Multiple choice

An atom of which of the following elements has the greatest ability to attract electrons?

The ability of attracting electrons of any element is called electronegativity of that element. Electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number as well as the distance between its nucleus and the valence shell electrons. The higher the value of electronegativity, more electrons get attracted. It is a dimensionless quantity, commonly referred to as the Pauling scale on a relative scale starting from 0.7 to 3.98.

  1. 14Si28

  2. 16S32

  3. 6C12

  4. 17Cl35.5

  5. 5B11
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorine has the highest electronegativity value among the list of elements given.

Multiple choice

Why does atomic radii decrease when moving across the periodic table?

  1. Electrons are added in same shell which increases attraction between nucleus and electrons in outermost shell.

  2. The decrease in ionization, decreases the atomic radii.

  3. The distance between the nucleus and electrons in outermost shell increases.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct as along the period electrons are added in the same outer shell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect for boron?

P. Kernite is a mineral of boron. Q. 10B is more abundant isotope than 11B. R. Boron has the lower second ionisation enthalpy than aluminium.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

P. Kernite (Na2B4O7•4H2O) is the mineral of boron. Q. There are two isotopic forms of boron 10B (19%) and 11B (81%). R. Boron (2427 KJ/mol) has the higher second ionisation enthalpy than aluminium (1816 KJ/mol).