Chemistry · Science General

Periodic Table and Elements

406 Questions

The periodic table and elements questions test knowledge of chemical properties, atomic structures, and periodic trends. Topics include alkali metals, transition elements, and ionisation potential. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of competitive examinations.

Alkali metals propertiesTransition elementsLattice energyIonisation potentialAlkaline earth metals

Periodic Table and Elements Questions

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

Which of the following is in liquid form at room temperature?

  1. Lithium

  2. Sodium

  3. Francium

  4. Cerium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Francium is liquid at or slightly above room temperature (melting point ~27°C), though it's extremely rare and radioactive. Lithium melts at 180°C, sodium at 98°C, and cerium at 795°C - all solid at room temperature (25°C). Francium's low melting point follows the trend of increasing atomic size in Group 1.

Multiple choice technology architecture

Which provides the longest running time for laptop computers?

  1. alkaline

  2. nickel-cadmium (NiCd)

  3. lithium ion (Li-ion)

  4. nickel metal-hydride (NiMH)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lithium ion batteries have the highest energy density among the options, allowing them to store more power in a smaller form factor. This translates to longer runtime compared to alkaline, NiCd, or NiMH batteries, which have lower energy density and shorter battery life.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding alkaline earth metals?

  1. Be is amphoteric.

  2. All alkaline earth metals react with cold water and evolve hydrogen.

  3. Mg and Be form organometallic compounds.

  4. Carbonates and oxalates of alkaline earth metals are insoluble in water.

  5. The standard potential of Be is more than Ca.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Be does not reacts with cold water. It reacts with steam, Mg reacts with hot water whereas Ca, Sr and Ba react rapidly with cold water to give hydrogen.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. The first ionization potential of Al is less than the first ionization potential of Mg.

  2. The second ionization potential of Mg is greater than the second ionization potential of K.

  3. Na has higher value of first ionization potential than Mg.

  4. Mg2+ has zero unpaired electron.

  5. Magnesium hydroxide is used as antacid.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mg+ requires less energy for further ionization than K+ due to noble gas configuration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding f-block elements?

  1. General electronic configuration of f block elements is (n - 2)f1-14 (n - 1)d0-1 ns2.

  2. The actinides generally have lower ionization enthalpies than lanthanides.

  3. Lanthanides are silvery white metals because of f-f transition.

  4. All lanthanides are non-radioactive.

  5. Uranium belongs to the actinides.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All lanthanides are non-radioactive except promethium.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

  1. 4f orbital electrons are more shielded than 5f orbital electrons.
  2. Mn is the third most abundant transition element in earth’s crust.
  3. Zr and Hf have almost same atomic radius.
  4. Constantan is a copper-zinc alloy.

Select the correct answer.

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 1 and 4 only

  3. 2 and 3 only

  4. 2 and 4 only

  5. 3 and 4 only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

5f orbital is more effectively shielded from nuclear charge than 4f orbital. Constantan is a copper-nickel alloy usually consisting of 55% copper and 45% nickel.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are FALSE?

  1. Compounds of alkaline earth metals are less hydrated than those of alkali metals.
  2. Quicklime exhibits thermoluminescence.
  3. Aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide is known as milk of lime.
  4. Oxide and hydroxide of beryllium are amphoteric in nature.

  1. Both 1 and 2

  2. Both 1 and 3

  3. Both 1 and 4

  4. Both 2 and 3

  5. Both 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Compounds of alkaline earth metals are more extensively hydrated than those of alkali metals.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding alkaline earth metals is/are incorrect?

  1. All alkaline earth metal oxides are basic.
  2. All alkaline earth metal hydrides are ionic.
  3. Stability of peroxides of alkaline earth metals increases down the group.
  4. The thermal stability of alkaline earth metal hydroxides increases down the group.

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 4

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 2 and 4

  5. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Except BeO, which is amphoteric, all alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxides are basic.

Multiple choice

Which of the following terms statements are TRUE? P. All alkali metal elements form solid hydrogen carbonates. Q. Calcium is fifth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. R. Francium is highly radioactive. S. Hydration enthalpies of alkaline earth metal ions are larger than those of alkali metal ions.

  1. P and Q

  2. P and S

  3. Q and R

  4. Q and S

  5. R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Francium is highly radioactive; its longest-lived isotope 223-Fr has a half-life of only 21 minutes. The hydration enthalpies of alkaline earth metal ions are larger than those of alkali metal ions. Thus, compounds of alkaline earth metals are more extensively hydrated than those of alkali metals, e.g., MgCl2 and CaCl2 exist as MgCl2.6H2O and CaCl2.6H2O while NaCl and KCl do not form such hydrates.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statement are true?

  1. Melting points of alkaline earth metals are greater than those of alkali metals.
  2. All alkali metal carbonates are stable at a temperature around 800oC.
  3. Carbonates of alkali metals are more stable to heat than carbonates of alkaline earth metals.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. 3 only

  4. Both 1 and 2

  5. Both 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Melting points of alkaline earth metals are greater than those of alkali metals. Reason: 1. The atoms of alkaline earth metals have two delocalized electrons and their sizes are smaller than those of alkali metals.

  1. Alkaline earth metals have closed-packed structure while alkali metals have open structure (body-centered cubic).