Chemistry · Science General

Periodic Table and Elements

421 Questions

The periodic table and elements questions test knowledge of chemical properties, atomic structures, and periodic trends. Topics include alkali metals, transition elements, and ionisation potential. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of competitive examinations.

Alkali metals propertiesTransition elementsLattice energyIonisation potentialAlkaline earth metals

Periodic Table and Elements Questions

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of metals and non-metals some physical properties of metals general characteristics and uses of metals

The metallic lustre exhibited by sodium is explained by :

  1. diffusion of sodium ions

  2. oscillation of mobile valence electrons

  3. existence of free protons

  4. existence of body centered cubic lattice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Alkali metals are silver colored and their lustre tarnishes in air due to oxidation. Sodium has a distinctive flame colors because their outer $'s'$ electron is very easily excited.

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of metals and non-metals some physical properties of metals general characteristics and uses of metals

Iron is tougher than sodium because:

  1. iron atom is smaller.

  2. iron atom are more tightly packed.

  3. metallic bonds are stronger in iron.

  4. none of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iron is tougher than sodium because all metals have metallic bonding which is different from ionic or covalent bonding.In metallic bonding, the outer shells of adjacent atoms overlap and outer electrons are free to move through the lattice. Metal cations are balanced by electron anions.

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of metals and non-metals some physical properties of metals general characteristics and uses of metals

Metallic lustre exhibited by sodium is due to:

  1. diffusion of sodium ion

  2. oscillation of loose electron

  3. escalation of free protons

  4. existence of lattice structure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The metallic lustre is because the excited $3s$ electrons of sodium emit a photon when they fall from $3p$ to $3s$ and the oscillation of electrons causes the metallic lustre.

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of metals and non-metals some physical properties of metals general characteristics and uses of metals

The alkali and alkaline earth metals in groups $I :A$ and $II :A$ are referred to as the light metals because, they have:

  1. low density.

  2. low hardness.

  3. low melting points.

  4. all of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 The alkali and alkaline earth metals in groups $I :A$ and $II :A$ are referred to as the light metals because they have low density, low hardness, and low melting points.

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of metals and non-metals some physical properties of metals general characteristics and uses of metals

Metallic radii of some transition elements are given below. Which of these elements will have the highest density?
Element                    $Fe$     $CO$       $Ni$     $Cu$ 
Metallic radii/pm     126     125     125    128

  1. same

  2. $Ni$
  3. $Co$
  4. $Cu$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Density is mass divided by volume. For transition elements in the same period, as atomic number increases, the atomic radius generally decreases or stays similar, while the atomic mass increases significantly. Copper (Cu) has the highest atomic mass among the listed elements (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu), leading to the highest density.

Multiple choice chemistry metals physical properties of non-metals uses of metals and non metals physical properties of metals and non-metals

Which of the following element is not in the liquid state at room temperature?

  1. $Hg$
  2. $Li$
  3. $Ga$
  4. $Br$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Bromine and mercury are metal which is liquid at room temperature. Gallium a brittle solid at low temperatures, and a liquid at temperatures greater than $29.76^o C$ (slightly above room temperature).Thus gallium is liquid at room temperature.
Bromine is a liquid because electrons are well apart from the nuclei so they are easily distorted .Intermediate intermolecular forces exists and thus it is in liquid state.
 Lithium  is a solid at room temperature.
Multiple choice chemistry chemistry of non-metals physical properties of non-metals uses of metals and non metals physical properties of metals and non-metals

In vapour state a metal is mono atomic.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There are no definitive chemical bonds between two metal atoms in a lattice. They all are held together by the so-called metallic bond. The valence electrons are not shared between metal atoms. Hence they exist as a single metal atom in their lattice unit. 

However we need to apply so much energy to convert it into vapour . And when these change to vapour then no any electron is shared between any metal atom and stay in monoatomic.
When the energy is lowered these again form lattices.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry of non-metals physical properties of non-metals uses of metals and non metals physical properties of metals and non-metals

Sodium and potassium  are soft even after being metals because of:

  1. strong intermolecular forces

  2. weak cohesive forces

  3. high melting point

  4. low boiling point
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hardness of a metal is determined by the strong cohesive forces between the atoms. The cohesive forces between atoms of these metals are very weak. The bonding in these metals is weak and electrons are not located over a single atom but over a number of atoms. The weak bonding results in softness of metal.

Multiple choice

What is the symbol for potassium?

  1. PA

  2. P

  3. H2O

  4. K
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The chemical symbol for potassium is K, which comes from its Neo-Latin name "kalium." P is the symbol for phosphorus, PA is not a standard single-element symbol (though Pa is protactinium), and H2O is the chemical formula for water.

Multiple choice

Lithium

  1. La

  2. Li

  3. Lm

  4. L
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lithium is represented by the chemical symbol Li. La is the symbol for lanthanum, and there is no element with the symbol L.

Multiple choice

Low boiling point is a feature of a what?

  1. Metal

  2. Non-Metal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Non-metals generally have lower boiling and melting points compared to metals. Metals are typically characterized by high melting and boiling points.

Multiple choice

Which element has the highest Atomic Radius?

  1. Fr

  2. Cs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Atomic radius increases as you move down a group and decreases as you move across a period. Francium (Fr) is further down the periodic table than Cesium (Cs), giving it a larger atomic radius.