Geography · Environmental Studies

Oceanography and Hydrology

1,673 Questions

Find relevant questions on oceanography and hydrology that address aquatic ecosystems and physical geography. The topics include coastal landforms, coral reefs, ocean salinity, and tidal patterns. These concepts frequently appear in civil services and state level administrative examinations.

Coral reef structuresCoastal landformsOcean salinity patternsGlacial retreat impactsMangrove ecosystems

Oceanography and Hydrology Questions

Multiple choice

The area of shoreline between low and high tides is called...

  1. open sea

  2. coastal zone

  3. abyssal zone

  4. intertidal zone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The intertidal zone is the specific area of the shoreline that is submerged during high tide and exposed to air during low tide. It is a highly dynamic environment for organisms.

Multiple choice

Estuaries are where what bodies of water met?

  1. rivers and sea

  2. rivers and lakes

  3. streams and lakes

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from rivers or streams meets and mixes with saltwater from the ocean.

Multiple choice

Why do lakes near glaciers and mountains have clear water?

  1. little sediment

  2. not many small phytoplankton

  3. A and B

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lakes near glaciers are clear because they have little sediment input and low levels of phytoplankton, which are the primary sources of turbidity in many other lakes.

Multiple choice

Oligotrophic lakes tend to have what type of characteristics?

  1. shallow and wide banks

  2. deep and wide banks

  3. shallow and steep banks

  4. deep and steep banks
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oligotrophic lakes are typically deep with steep banks, which limits the area available for plant growth and keeps the water nutrient-poor.

Multiple choice

List the layers of the deep lakes (top--> bottom)

  1. lettoral->limnetic->profundal->benthic

  2. benthic->profundal->limnetic-.littoral

  3. littoral->profundal->limnetic->benthic

  4. littoral->profundal->benthic->limnetic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The zones of a lake from the shore to the bottom are the littoral (near shore), limnetic (open water), profundal (deep water), and benthic (bottom).

Multiple choice

Where is carbon STORED?

  1. ocean

  2. atmosphere

  3. fossil fuels

  4. all of these are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon is stored in various reservoirs on Earth, including the ocean (dissolved carbon), the atmosphere (as CO2), and underground in fossil fuels. Therefore, all these locations serve as carbon sinks or storage areas.

Multiple choice landforms of the earth and internal forces general physical geography general knowledge

Which one among the following is not a cause of generation of ocean currents?

  1. Planetary winds

  2. Variation in ocean water temperature

  3. Revolution of the earth

  4. Shape and configuration of the coastlines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ocean currents are primarily driven by planetary winds, temperature/salinity differences (thermohaline circulation), and the Coriolis effect. The Earth's revolution around the Sun does not directly generate ocean currents.

Multiple choice landforms of the earth and internal forces general physical geography general knowledge

Pelagic zone is one of the most important division of ocean with respect to commercial exploitation. Choose correct statement:
1. Any water in sea or lake is neither close to bottom nor near the shore can be said to be in pelagic zone.
2. Pelagic life decreases with increasing depth.
3. Demersal zone lies between benthic and pelagic zone.

  1. Only 1

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 1 and 3

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Multiple choice landforms of the earth and internal forces general physical geography general knowledge

Which one among the following is responsible for the expansion of water in the ocean?

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Nitrogen dioxide

  3. Carbon monoxide

  4. Sulphur dioxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The expansion of water in the ocean (thermal expansion) is a major contributor to sea-level rise. This is driven by global warming, which is primarily caused by the increase of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Multiple choice landforms of the earth and internal forces general physical geography general knowledge

This item consists of two statements I and II.
Statement I : The Kuroshio is a warm North-flowing ocean current on the West side of the North Pacific Ocean. 
Statement II : Presence of a number of volcanoes at the bottom of the sea of Japan is responsible for the Kuroshio becoming warm.


Examine these two statements carefully and select the answer to the item using the code given below.

  1. Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.

  2. Both the statements are individually true, but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I.

  3. Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.

  4. Statement I is false, but Statement II is true.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer