Reasoning
Number Classification and Analogy
143 Questions
Number classification and analogy questions test logical reasoning by identifying numerical relationships. Candidates must detect the underlying pattern among number sets. This topic is a staple in the reasoning sections of SSC, banking, and railway exams.
Number analogiesOdd one outNumerical relationshipsPattern identificationSet matching
Number Classification and Analogy Questions
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The pattern is subtract 4: 10-4=6, so 3-4=-1. This is a linear relationship where each term is 4 less than the corresponding term in the other pair. The analogy follows the form (first number) : (first number - 4) :: (second number) : (second number - 4).
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Zone Identification Plan
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Zone Index Number
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Zone Improvement Plan
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None of the above
C
Correct answer
Explanation
ZIP in the United States postal system stands for Zone Improvement Plan. Introduced in 1963, ZIP codes were created to improve mail sorting and delivery efficiency. The term ZIP was chosen to emphasize that mail travels more efficiently when senders use the postal code. The other options (Zone Identification Plan, Zone Index Number) are incorrect expansions.
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372164
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376821
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318951
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319446
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387315
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The number 372164 is different because it's divisible by 11 (372164 ÷ 11 = 33833), while the other numbers are not divisible by 11. This is a divisibility test question.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The number 3781 is different because it's the only number where the product of the first two digits equals the sum of the last two digits (3×7=21, 8+1=9, not equal). The pattern for others is: 7×3=21 matches 5+9=14 (sum of digits of 21 is 2, but wait - the actual pattern is that for 7359, 1593, 9317: first digit × second digit = third + fourth digit's digits sum... actually, the simpler pattern is 3781 is the only one not following the digit rotation pattern present in others).
D
Correct answer
Explanation
21, 69, and 81 are composite numbers. 83 is a prime number, making it the odd one out.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The pattern alternates between subtracting 2 and subtracting 3. 42 (-2) 40 (-2) 38 (-3) 35 (-2) 33 (-2) 31 (-3) 28. Next would be (-2) 26, then (-2) 24. Option C (26 24) correctly continues this pattern.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship xy : (x - 1)y + 1, i.e. 62 = 36, (6 - 1)2 + 1 = 125. So, if x = 5 and y = 2, then xy = 52 = 25 and (x - 1)2 + 1 = (5 - 1)2 + 1.
E
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship.
3x : 3x + 3, i.e. x = 5, 3x = 3 * 5 = 15 and 3x + 3 = 3 * 5 + 3 = 18
So, if x = 6, then 3x = 3 * 6 = 18 and 3x + 3 = 3 * 6 + 3 = 21.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x3 : x3 + 1, i.e. x = 3, x3 = 27 and x3 + 1 = 28.
So, if x = 4, then x3 = 64 and x3 + 1 = 65.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x2 - 1 : x2 + 1, i.e. x = 3, x2 - 1 = 8 and x2 + 1 = 10. So, if x = 4 and x2 - 1 = 15, then x2 + 1 = 17.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x : x3/2, i.e. x = 4, x3/2 = 64/2 = 32.
So, if x = 6, then x3/2 = 216/2 = 108.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x : x(x + 1), i.e. x = 6, x(x + 1) = 6 * 7 = 42. So, if x = 5, then x(x + 1) = 5 * 6 = 30.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x : x + 30, i.e. x = 500, x + 30 = 530. If x = 300, then x + 30 = 330.
E
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship 9(x + 1) : 8(x - 1), i.e. x = 2, 9(x + 1) = 27 and 8(x - 1) = 8. If x = 3, then 9(x + 1) = 36 and 8(x - 1) = 16.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer as it follows the correct relationship x3 : x2, i.e. x = 2, x3 = 8 and x2 = 4. If x = 4, then x3 = 64 and x2 = 16.