Physics · Science General

Nuclear Physics and Energy

1,324 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on nuclear physics, reactor mechanisms, and atomic energy. Topics include nuclear fission, plasma generation, and radiation control. These physics questions form a core part of the syllabus for various engineering and civil service exams.

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Nuclear Physics and Energy Questions

Multiple choice biology carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products coal petroleum and petrochemicals

The energy of a neutron released during a fission process should be reduced by about ______ part to convert it into a thermal neutron.

  1. $10^8$
  2. $10^9$
  3. $10^6$
  4. $10^2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
 $10^8$
Thermal neutron, any free neutron (one that is not bound within an atomic nucleus) that has an average energy of motion (kinetic energy) corresponding to the average energy of the particles of the ambient materials. Relatively slow and of low energy, thermal neutrons exhibit properties, such as large cross sections in fission, that make them desirable in certain chain-reaction applications. Furthermore, the long de Broglie wavelengths of thermal neutrons make them valuable for certain applications of neutron optics. Thermal neutrons are produced by slowing down more energetic neutrons in a substance called a moderator after they have been ejected from atomic nuclei during nuclear reactions such as fission.
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Amount of commercial energy being obtained from nuclear reactors in France is

  1. 35%

  2. 51%

  3. 73%

  4. 42%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Nuclear power is a major source of energy in France, with a 40% share of energy consumption in 2015. Nuclear power is the largest source of electricity in the country, with a generation of 379.1 TWh, or 71.6% of the country's total production of 519.4 TWh, the highest percentage in the world.  France's present electricity generation mix is a result of the French government deciding in 1974, just after the first oil shock, to expand rapidly the country's nuclear power capacity, using Westinghouse technology.
So the correct answer is '73%'.
Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

The worst nuclear accident happened to date is occurred at

  1. Chernobyl in 1986

  2. Three Mile Power Plant in 1979

  3. Sellafield in 1957

  4. Fukushima in 2011
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Chernobyl disaster in 1986 is widely considered the most severe nuclear accident in history in terms of cost and casualties.

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A major accident took place at which nuclear plant in USSR?

  1. Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant

  2. Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

  3. Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant

  4. Kursk Nuclear Power Plant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During the last phase of the USSR, a major accident took place in its nuclear plant in Chernobyl. This caused the death of a large number of workers in Chernobyl. But more important, it contaminated the atmosphere of a very large region including many other countries of Europe. Its effects created a new awareness among the people of the world about the danger of nuclear power whether for peaceful or warlike purposes.

Multiple choice chemistry occurrence of carbon compounds in nature substances, objects and energy alternative fuels and energy sources alternative sources of energy

The nuclear reaction-
${ _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H } } +{ _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H } } _{  }\longrightarrow { _{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ He } }$ is called:

  1. fission reaction

  2. fusion reaction

  3. chain reaction

  4. thermal reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nuclear fusion is a process where two or more nuclei combine to form an element with a higher atomic number (more protons in the nucleus). Fusion is the reverse process of nuclear fission.

The nuclear reaction -
${ _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H } } +{ _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H } } _{  }\longrightarrow { _{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ He } }$ is fusion reaction because two nuclei combine to form an element with higher atomic number.During this process, 0.7% of the mass is carried away from the system in the form of kinetic energy.
So the answer is B.

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

The principle behind the working of an atom bomb is:

  1. Nuclear fussion

  2. Nuclear fission

  3. Radioactivity

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nuclear fission

 The atom bomb , also known as atomic bomb or fission bomb is an explosive device  that derives its destructive force from the fission of heavy elements. Typical fuel for the fission reaction within the bomb is either uranium or plutarium.

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

The energy released by the Hiroshima bomb was originally thought to be equivalent to the destructive power of approximately 

  1. 2000 tons of TNT

  2. 20000 tons of TNT

  3. 200000 tons of TNT

  4. 2000000 tons of TNT
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blast yard of little bys is equivalent to 15 kilotons(15000 tons)  of TNT. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

 All conventional modern thermonuclear warheads are also called as 

  1. fission-fusion-fission

  2. Neutron bombs

  3. Cobalt bombs

  4. three stage bomb
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fission-fusion-fission 

A typical thermo nuclear warhead may be constructed according to a three stage design featuring a fission, fusion and then again fission. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

Which weapons among the following, though, would produce far less radioactive fallout than current designs, although they would release huge numbers of neutrons?

  1. Pure fission weapons

  2. Boosted fission weapons

  3. Pure fusion weapons

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

C

A pure fusion weapon is a hypothetical hydrogen bomb design that does not need a fission primary explosive to ignite the fusion of deuterium and tritium, two heavy isotopes of hydrogen. Pure fusion weapons offer the possibility of generating very small nuclear yards and the advantage of reduced collateral damage stemming from fallout because these weapons would not create the highly radioactive byproduct associated with fission type weapons. These weapons would be lethal not only because of their explosive force, which could be large compared to bombs based on chemical explosives, but also because of the neutrons they generate. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

Which of the following is true regarding the working process of weapon?

  1. Energy is released when those neutrons split off from the nucleus

  2. splitting the nuclei in the same way, releasing more energy and more neutrons.

  3. The splitting of atomic nuclei releases enormous energy

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

A, B and C

Energy is released when those neutrons split off from the nucleus splitting nuclei in the same way, releasing more energy and more neutrons. The splitting of atomic nuclei releases enormous energy.

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of

  1. uncontrolled fusion reaction

  2. controlled fusion reaction

  3. uncontrolled fission reaction

  4. controlled fission reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Uncontrolled fusion reaction 

Uncontrolled fusion reaction is the principle underlying hydrogen bomb. Basically in this process, lighter atoms will fuse or combine to form heavier elements. 

Multiple choice chemistry energy : forms and sources renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

Neutron ratio(r) (availability for fusion) of an atomic reactor and atom bomb are

  1. r > 1 in atomic reactor and r < 1 in bomb

  2. r= 1 in atomic reactor and r > 1 in bomb

  3. r > 1 in both atomic reactor and bomb

  4. r < 1 in both atomic reactor and bomb.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The reactor with conversion ratio greater than 1 is called a breeder reactor. This is the reactor that produces more fuel than it consumes. In atomic reactor Neutron ratio is greater than 1. 


A neutron bomb, officially defined as a type of enhanced radiation weapon, is a low yield thermonuclear weapon designed to maximize lethal neutron radiation in the immediate vicinity of the blast while minimizing the physical power of the blast itself. In bomb neutron ratio is less than 1.

Multiple choice biology towards green energy solar power plant generation of electricity production of electricity from solar energy

Which of the following waste is present in coolant water from atomic reactors?

  1. Solid municipal waste

  2. Low-level radioactive waste

  3. High-level radioactive waste

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A nuclear reactor coolant is used to remove heat from the nuclear reactor core and transfer it to electrical generator which produce electricity. All the nuclear power plant use water as a coolant under high pressure. water is non radioactive material so there is low level of radioactive waste in coolant. 

So, the correct option is 'Low-level radioactive wastes'.

Multiple choice biology towards green energy solar power plant generation of electricity production of electricity from solar energy

Which of the following reasons make nuclear waste an extremely potent pollutant?

  1. It causes mutations at a very high rate

  2. It is responsible for heating of Earths surface and atmosphere

  3. It is a very challenging task to provide safe disposal of radioactive wastes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C Correct answer
Explanation

Nuclear waste is a very big problem in nuclear power plant due to the emission of harmful radiation which causes mutation in living organisms. Another problem facing in nuclear waste is the disposal of it because disposal is done in very deep in the oceans and there is the risk of leakage of radiation which is harmful to aquatic life also.

so correct options are 'it causes mutations at a very high rate ad it is a very chanllenging task to provide safe disposal of radioactive wastes'.