Newtonian Mechanics and Forces

Gravity is the fundamental force of attraction between masses, which holds objects on the surface of the Earth. Weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object, which remains constant regardless of gravity.

Friction is a force that opposes motion. If the box is pushed to the left, friction acts in the opposite direction, which is to the right.

Balanced forces are defined as forces that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, resulting in no net force. Unbalanced forces cause a change in motion.

Volume is the measure of the amount of three-dimensional space an object occupies. Mass measures the amount of matter, and weight measures the force of gravity on that mass.

As an arrow is pulled back in a bow, work is done to deform the bow, which stores energy as elastic potential energy. Therefore, the potential energy increases.

Gravity is the fundamental force of attraction that pulls objects toward the center of a massive body like the Earth. The other options are either fictional or unrelated to this specific gravitational pull.

Weight is defined as the force exerted on an object due to gravity. Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is constant regardless of gravity.

Weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object's mass. Unlike mass, weight changes depending on the gravitational field strength.

Newton's 3rd Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, meaning forces always exist in pairs.

Newton's 1st Law (Law of Inertia) states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external, unbalanced force.

The 1st Law dictates that an object's velocity remains constant unless an unbalanced force changes its state of motion.

Newton's 2nd Law defines the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration, typically expressed as F = ma.

Newton's 3rd Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.