Biology

Nervous System Physiology

1,959 Questions

Enhance your knowledge of human neurobiology through questions on nervous system physiology. The topics cover brain anatomy, sensory modalities, and the neural mechanisms controlling speech and language. This resource is ideal for students preparing for medical and general science exams.

Brain anatomy and regionsNeural mechanismsLanguage processingSensory functions

Nervous System Physiology Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

What part of the brain is responsible for intelligence?

The nerves, the brain and the spinal cord constitute the nervous system. The nervous system controls and regulates the activities of all the other systems of the body. The brain is the main organ of the nervous system. The brain consists of cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The cerebrum controls voluntary actions and is the seat of intelligence. It is the largest part of the brain. The cerebellum regulates muscular movement of locomotion. The medulla oblongata is the lowermost part of the brain which  continues as the spinal cord in the vertebral column. It controls  involuntary actions. The spinal cord is the elongated nearly cylindrical continuation of medulla oblongata. The spinal cord is the center of various reflex actions. There are several organs in the body that receive the external and internal stimuli and convey it to central nervous system. The main sense organs are for touch, hearing, vision, smell and taste; these are the eyes, skin, tongue, ears, and nose.

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Cerebrum

  3. Spinal cord

  4. Medulla oblongata

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Concept based

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Which part of the brain is responsible for muscle movement?

The nerves, the brain and the spinal cord constitute the nervous system. The nervous system controls and regulates the activities of all the other systems of the body. The brain is the main organ of the nervous system. The brain consists of cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The cerebrum controls voluntary actions and is the seat of intelligence. It is the largest part of the brain. The cerebellum regulates muscular movement of locomotion. The medulla oblongata is the lowermost part of the brain which  continues as the spinal cord in the vertebral column. It controls  involuntary actions. The spinal cord is the elongated nearly cylindrical continuation of medulla oblongata. The spinal cord is the center of various reflex actions. There are several organs in the body that receive the external and internal stimuli and convey it to central nervous system. The main sense organs are for touch, hearing, vision, smell and taste; these are the eyes, skin, tongue, ears, and nose.

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Brain

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Spinal cord

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Concept based

Multiple choice

Wernicke's area is associated with ______________-.

  1. speech comprehension

  2. balance of the body

  3. reflexes

  4. production of speech

  5. perception of stimuli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Wernicke's area is associated with the processing of words being heard, spoken or language inputs. Individuals who having lesions in Wernicke's area could speak, but their speech is frequently incoherent and make no sense.

Multiple choice

Which among the following can be excluded from the functions of cerebellum?

  1. Maintenance of balance and posture

  2. Coordination of voluntary movements

  3. Motor learning

  4. Cognitive functions

  5. Maintenance of normal heart beat rate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Medulla oblongata is the caudal most part of the brain stem and is responsible for maintaining vital body functions, such as breathing and heart beat rates.

Multiple choice

Which of the following parts of brain provides remarkable distinctions between humans and other animals?

  1. Cerebral cortex

  2. Limbic system

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Thalamus

  5. Spinal cord
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cerebral cortex is the portion of the brain that provides remarkable distinctions between humans and other animals. It enables humans not only to receive and interpret all kinds of sensory information, such as color, odor, taste and sound, but also to remember, analyze, interpret, make decisions and perform a host of other higher brain functions.

Multiple choice

Spicy foods make your mouth feel like it's burning because

  1. the same neuroreceptors that register heat are activated

  2. the acid in the food causes a sensory overload

  3. your brain retroactively anticipates the potential heat

  4. spicy foods have a chemical which humans are sensitive to
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Capsaicin, the chemical in spicy foods, binds to TRPV1 receptors on the tongue. These receptors are specifically designed to detect physical heat, causing the brain to perceive a burning sensation.

Multiple choice temperature control homeostasis coordination and response biology

Temperature control centre is located in the

  1. Hypophysis

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Diencephalon

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Diencephalon consists of thalamus and hypothalamus. Thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory impulses as well as integration centre for recognition of pain, temperature and hard touch. The thermostat centre for temperature control is present in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. The pituitary gland is also known as hypophysis. The pituitary gland is mainly concerned with growth and development of organism via its growth hormone and with the regulation of secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands via its tropic hormones. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human nose nose nose : the olfactory organ

Some persons have an innate sense of direction. It is due to magnetic sensitivity of

  1. Cochlea

  2. Corpora quadrigemina

  3. Nose

  4. Pinna
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  •  Humans possess a tiny, shiny crystal of magnetite in the ethmoid bone, located between your eyes, just behind the nose.
  •  Magnetite is a magnetic mineral also possessed by homing pigeons, migratory salmon, dolphins, honeybees, and bats is a tiny compass needle, allowing them to orient themselves in the earth's magnetic field and swim down to their happy home in the mud. Hence, Some persons have an innate sense of direction. It is due to the magnetic sensitivity of the Nose.
So, the correct answer is 'Nose'.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human nose nose nose : the olfactory organ

The ability to perceive pheromones is related to the sense of

  1. audition

  2. gustation

  3. equilibrium

  4. olfaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(A)Audition is the sense of hearing.

(B)Gustation is the sense of tasting.
(C)Equilibrium is the equalizing process.
(D)Olfaction is the sense of smell.  It should be noted that some pheromones are detected by the main olfactory system.

So, the correct option is 'Olfaction'.