Biology

Nervous System and Neurons

1,224 Questions

The nervous system and neurons section covers the structural and functional aspects of the human nervous system. Topics include nerve fibers, the myelin sheath, and sympathetic nervous system functions. This material is crucial for general science preparation in various competitive exams.

Neuron structureMyelin sheath productionSympathetic nervous systemCranial and spinal nervesParasympathetic functions

Nervous System and Neurons Questions

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron
The junction between two neurons is called as a synapse.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Synapse, also called neuronal junction, the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells (neurons) or between a neuron and a gland or muscle cell (effector). A synaptic connection between a neuron and a muscle cell is called a neuromuscular junction.

So, the correct answer is 'True'.
Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

In which region nerve impulses are transmitted and received? 

  1. Nodes of Ranvier

  2. Dendrites

  3. Axon

  4. Synapse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. The presynaptic is the region of the axonic end of one neuron and the post synaptic is the dendritic end of the other neuron. It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell. It is important for neuronal function. The nerve impulses are transmitted and received with the help of this regions. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Which of the following statements explain the meaning of synapse.

  1. Junction of two nerve cells.

  2. Junction of two muscle cells.

  3. Junction of two bone cells.

  4. Junction of two sperm cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Synapse, also called neuronal junction, the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells (neurons) or between a neuron and a gland or muscle cell (effector)
  • . A synaptic connection between a neuron and a muscle cell is called a neuromuscular junction. 

So, the correct answer is 'Junction of two nerve cells'.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

What do will the microscope gap between a pair of adjacent neurons over which impulse passes?

  1. Synapse

  2. Axon

  3. Dendrite

  4. Cell body

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • When a nerve impulse reaches the synapse at the end of a neuron, it cannot pass directly to the next one instead it triggers the neuron to release a chemical neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter drifts across the gap between the two neurons.

So, the correct option is'Synapse'

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Neurons have a unique property that makes them to communicate with other cells via

  1. Nerve code

  2. Glacial cells

  3. Synapses

  4. Schwinn cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Synapse is a gap between two neurons which is filled with a neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine. It functions to transfer one neuronal signal to other by acting as a bridge. It allows the electrical signal to be converted into a chemical signal. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

The gap between two neurons is known as

  1. Dendrite

  2. Synapse

  3. Axon

  4. Impulse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous system. It consists of dendrites, axon and soma. Dendrites are the small extension of nerve cells that receives signals from sensory receptors or other neurons.
The long extension of cell body of nerve cell is called as axon that serves to conduct the nerve impulse away from the cell body.
Two neurons are never physically connected to each other and synapse place where two neurons are in close connection to facilitate transmission of information from one neuron to the next one.
The extracellular space between two neurons is known as synaptic cleft. Nerve impulse is all or none response of nerve fibres and is defined as wave of change in polarity of neuron membrane, caused by movement of ions across the membrane.
So, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

A place where a signal passes from one nerve cell to next is described as 

  1. Synaptic cleft

  2. Synapsis

  3. Synapse

  4. Symport movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. Synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell. It is important for neuronal function. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Which structure of nervous system permits a neuron to pass impulse to another neuron?

  1. Nerve fiber

  2. Dendrites

  3. Synapse

  4. Axon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. Synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell. It is important for neuronal function. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Which of the following is the component of the synapse?

  1. Presynaptic component

  2. Postsynaptic component

  3. Both A and B

  4. Nerve impulse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. The presynaptic is the region of the axonic end of one neuron and the post synaptic is the dendritic end of the other neuron. It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell and acts as a communication point between the neuron and the target organ. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

The point of communication and target cell is

  1. Synapse

  2. Nodes of Ranvier

  3. Dendrites

  4. Sense organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. The presynaptic is the region of the axonic end of one neuron and the post synaptic is the dendritic end of the other neuron. It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell and acts as a communication point between the neuron and the target organ. It is important for neuronal function. The nerve impulses are transmitted and received with the help of this regions. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Which of the following options correctly described the sequence of structures present between a receptor and an effector when D refers dendrite, A refers axon, S refers synapse and CB refers to cell body?

  1. D - CB - A - S - D - CB - A

  2. A -D - CB - S - A - D - CB

  3. D - CB - A - S - A - CB - D

  4. D - A - S - CB - D - A - CB
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Information in a neuron travels from dendrites to the cell body, then down the axon to the synapse, where it passes to the dendrites of the next neuron. The sequence D-CB-A-S-D-CB-A correctly represents this flow.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

The chemicals which are released at the synaptic junction are known as

  1. Cerebrospinal fluid

  2. Hormones

  3. Neurotransmitters

  4. Lymph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Neurotransmitters are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body. They relay signals between nerve cells called as neurons. They are the chemicals which allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next across synapses. They are also found at the axon endings of motor neurons, where they stimulate the muscle fibres. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Select the option responsible for restoring resting membrane potential of a neuron

  1. Voltage gated ${ Na }^{ + }$ channels
  2. Voltage gated ${ K }^{ + }$ channels
  3. Leaky channels for ${ K }^{ + }$
  4. ${ Na }^{ + }/{ K }^{ + }$ pump
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Sodium-Potassium pump is the process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane is an active transport process involving the hydrolysis of ATP to provide the necessary energy. It involves an enzyme referred to as Na+/K+.

So, the correct option is 'Na+/K+ pump'.