Natural Hazards and Disasters

The tremors on the earth can be caused by nuclear explosions or when a meteorite hits the earth. Thunderstorms and cyclones can cause massive destruction on the earth’s surface, but cannot be a cause for tremors as they cannot move the earth’s crust.

If a storm is accompanied by lightning, do not sit near a window, do not take shelter under a tree and do not go close to water. 

It is advised not to touch water pipes in buildings during a thunderstorm because current can be passing through them during a thunderstorm. 

Lightning and thunderstorm can be predicted before hand but earthquake cannot be predicted.

Good

Typhoons are the term used for tropical cyclones that occur in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, affecting countries like China and Japan.

Answer is A.

Earthquake produces infra-sound before the main shock wave.Infra-sound is a low-frequency sound. It is sound that is lower in frequency than 20 Hz (hertz) or cycles per second, the normal limit of human hearing. Hearing becomes gradually less sensitive as frequency decreases, so for humans to perceive infra-sound, the sound pressure must be sufficiently high. 
Rhinos have extremely good ears, picking up infra-sound far deeper than the range of human hearing.
Rhinos, can hear down to a frequency of four hertz, whereas even a human baby, with entirely undamaged ears, can normally only pick up sounds as low as 20 hertz. Giraffes and elephants can also hear in this infra-sound range.
Hence, we can see some animals get disturbed and start running here and there just before the earthquakes because they can hear infrasonic sound.

Tsuyu is the term for the rainy season in Japan, characterized by a period of persistent rain caused by the meeting of cold and warm air masses.

The forces coming from within the earth are called as Endogenetic forces which causes two types of movement in the earth viz

(I) Horizontal movements

(II) Vertical movements.

These forces derive their energy from changes such as radioactivity, chemical recombination, expansion or contraction or displacement of molten materials that occur in the interior of the earth. This group of forces may be called as Tectonic forces which manifests through Processes Called Diastrophism and Volcanism

Sudden and become disastrous When they occur in densely populated localities. These forces work very quickly and their results are seen within minutes. Movements, caused by sudden-Endogenetic forces coming from deep within the earth cause sudden and rapid events that cause massive destructions at and below the earth’s surfaces. Such events like volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, are called ‘EXTREME EVENTS’ and become disastrous hazards when they occur in densely populated localities.

A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land, which is classified as a natural disaster caused by meteorological or hydrological events.

Flash floods are defined by the speed of flooding, not the source or location of flooding. While flash floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, they can also result from other events, such as drain blockages and cloud bursts

A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land which is usually dry. The European Union (EU) Floods Directive defines a flood as a covering by water of land not normally covered by water. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide.

Global meteorological studies generally categorize the world into four major cyclone-prone zones based on the frequency and intensity of tropical storms.

Prior planning will help the effects of the storm to be less, reduce potential loss of life and property, and help you to recover faster.

1. Preparedness is a continuous cycle of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and taking corrective action. Training and exercising plans is the cornerstone of preparedness which focuses on readiness to respond to all-hazards incidents and emergencies.
2. Mitigation is the effort to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters and emergencies. Mitigation involves structural and non-structural measures taken to limit the impact of disasters and emergencies.