Molecular Genetics

Amino acids bind to acceptor arm of tRNA.

The 3' end of the acceptor arm of tRNA has the sequence CCA. This attachment is done post-transcriptionally.

U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 are the types of small nuclear RNA. They constitute protein-RNA complex functioning as spliceosome.

siRNA is frequently used to decrease or knock down specific protein levels in lab experiments. siRNA forms perfect RNA-RNA hybrids with mRNA and decreases protein synthesis.

Transcription is the process of transferring information from DNA to RNA.

Small nuclear RNA are involved in mRNA processing and gene regulation.

The smallest RNA is tRNA with molecular weight approximately equal to 10^4. Due to small size, they are easily soluble in cytoplasm.

rRNA is a ribozyme because it performs peptidyl transferase activity.

40S subunit contains only a single 18S RNA.

The length of extra arm differentiates tRNA into class I and class II types. Class I tRNA has a shorter extra arm, i.e. 3-5 base pairs long. Class II tRNA has a longer extra arm, i.e. 13-21 base pairs long.

Anti-codon refers to the sequence of three consecutive bases in tRNA molecule, which specifically binds to a complementary code sequence in mRNA.

The base sequence of anti-codon arm should be complimentary to mRNA, which is mandatory for translation.

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase adds amino acids to the acceptor arm.

A 10-nucleotide sequence, i.e. RNA primer, is constructed by primase.

The "yeast two-hybrid system," uses transcriptional reporters in yeast to indirectly reflect the interaction between two proteins. The term "two-hybrid" derives from the two classes of chimeric, or "hybrid," proteins used in each screen.