Biology

Molecular Genetics

851 Questions

Molecular genetics explores the mechanisms of genetic information transfer, including DNA replication, transcription, and translation. It is a core component of biology syllabi. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of major competitive exams.

DNA replicationTranscription processTranslation processRNA typesCentral dogma

Molecular Genetics Questions

Multiple choice

Plasmids contain

  1. RNA

  2. RNA and proteins

  3. photosynthetic lamellae

  4. DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plasmids are also known as extra-chromosomal DNA.

Multiple choice

Ribosome is the site of

  1. DNA replication

  2. autophagic digestion

  3. intracellular transport

  4. protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

Multiple choice

Tobacco mosaic virus is

  1. a single stranded RNA virus

  2. a single stranded DNA virus

  3. a double stranded RNA virus

  4. a double stranded DNA virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 The genetic material in tobacco mosaic virus is a single stranded RNA. 

Multiple choice

Which among the following mechanisms of transcription can interact between RNA polymerase and a particular promoter?

  1. Silencers

  2. Enhancers

  3. General transcription factors

  4. Activators

  5. Specificity factors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Enhancers are sites on the DNA helix that are bound to by activators in order to loop the DNA bringing a specific promoter to the initiation complex. Enhancers are much more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes.

Multiple choice

In eukaryotes during gene expression, there are several methods to look at the various stages. Which one among the following does not characterises a gene expression in eukaryotes?

  1. Protein levels can be analysed by mass spectrometry.

  2. RNA degradation rates are measured by means of transcription inhibitors.

  3. Epistatic interactions can be investigated by splicing array.

  4. The local chromatin environment of the region can be determined by ChIP-chip analysis.

  5. Due to post-transcriptional regulation, transcription rates and total RNA levels differ significantly.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Alternative splicing can be analysed with a splicing array or with a tiling array. Epistatic interactions can be investigated by synthetic genetic array analysis.

Multiple choice

Assertion: In capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 3'-end of hnRNA. Reason: In tailing, adenylate residues are added at 5'-end in a template independent manner.

Directions: In the following question there are two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R), consider both the statements independently and mark your answers as under:

1. A and R both are correct and R is correct explanation of A.
2. A and R both are correct and R is not correct explanation of A.
3. A is correct and R is incorrect.
4. A is incorrect and R is correct.
5. A and R both are incorrect.

  1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. Both A and R are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Both are incorrect statements. In capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5'-end of hnRNA. In tailing, adenylate residues are added at 3'-end in a template independent manner. It is the fully processed hnRNA, now called mRNA, that is transported out of the nucleus for translation.