Modern Indian History

Poush Mela at Santiniketan traditionally begins on the 7th day of the Bengali month Poush (usually late December). This was established by Rabindranath Tagore to mark the foundation of Visva-Bharati.

Gokhale started as a math teacher at Ferguson College and became its principal, founded the Servants of India Society in 1905, and served as INC President in 1907 (Calicut session). All statements A, B, and C are correct.

Vande Mataram was first sung publicly at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta. Composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1882 for his novel Anandamath, it quickly became a patriotic anthem for the Indian independence movement.

Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) was established in 1686 by the British East India Company, specifically by Job Charnock. This date is well-documented in historical records as the founding year of the city.

Dakshineshwar Kali Temple in Kolkata was built in 1855 by Rani Rashmoni, a philanthropist and devotee of Goddess Kali. This temple is famous for its association with Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa who served as its priest.

The Kolkata Metro was inaugurated in 1984, making it India's first metro railway system. It runs from Dum Dum to Kavi Subhash (formerly Kavi Nazrul Islam) and is a vital part of Kolkata's public transport.

The capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911 during the reign of King George V. This decision was announced at the Delhi Durbar of 1911, and the new capital city (New Delhi) was formally inaugurated in 1931, though 1911 marks the official decision to transfer the capital.

Goa was a Union Territory from 1961 until it attained full statehood on May 30, 1987. Option C is correct. The other options are incorrect: 1957 is before Goa's liberation from Portuguese rule, 1967 is shortly after liberation, and 1977 is unrelated to Goa's statehood.

India won its first Olympic team medal in field hockey at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, where the men's team won the gold medal. This began India's golden era in hockey. Option A is correct.

India played its first Test cricket match against England at Lord's in June 1932. CK Nayudu led the Indian team in this historic match. Option B is correct.

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, when British troops under General Dyer fired on a peaceful gathering of unarmed Indians in Amritsar. This event marked a turning point in the independence movement. 1913, 1915, and 1917 are not related to this specific incident.

The partition of Bengal was announced in 1905 by Lord Curzon, dividing the province on religious and administrative lines. This sparked widespread protests and was eventually annulled in 1911. 1901, 1903, and 1909 are incorrect years for this event.

India gained independence from British rule on 15th August 1947. This date marks the end of nearly 200 years of colonial rule. 26th January 1950 is when India became a Republic (Republic Day), while 26th January 1947 and 15th August 1946 are incorrect dates.

All India Radio (AIR) officially commenced operations in 1936 as the national public service broadcaster. It was originally established as Indian State Broadcasting Service in 1930, renamed to AIR in 1936, and became a full department in 1937. India gained independence in 1947, making 1947 an important date but not the start of broadcasting.