History · Civics Polity

Modern Indian History

7,703 Questions

Modern Indian History covers the colonial period, the freedom struggle, and key political movements. It includes questions on important leaders, the Indian National Congress, and social reforms. Mastering these questions is vital for clearing competitive government exams.

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Modern Indian History Questions

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

Who wrote the book 'Hind Swaraj' ?

  1. Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru

  2. Moti Lal Nehru

  3. Mahatma Gandhi

  4. Subash Chandra Bose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In his famous book 'Hind Swaraj' (1909), Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians, & had survived only because of this cooperation. If Indians refused to cooperate, British rule in India would collapse within a year, and Swaraj would come.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

A tricolour Swaraj flag bearing a spinning wheel in the centre was designed by ____________.

  1. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

  2. Mahatma Gandhi

  3. Sardar Patel

  4. Rabindranath Tagore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

By 1921, Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj flag. It was again a tricolour (red, green & white) & had a spinning wheel in the centre, representing the Gandhian ideal of self-help. Carrying the flag, holding it aloft, during marches became a symbol of defiance.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

'Sardar' was the title given to Vallabhbhai Patel by __________.

  1. Mahatma Gandhi

  2. The British government

  3. M.L. Nehru

  4. G.K. Gokhale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The title ‘Sardar’ was conferred to Vallabhbhai Patel by Mahatma Gandhi. In 1928 there was a problem for the farmers of Bardoli. British were collecting unjust taxes from them. Vallabhbhai Patel came to rescue the people and conducted many no tax campaigns. 

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

Swaraj means _________.

  1. Complete Independence

  2. Self rule

  3. Self Government

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As per the Poorna Swaraj  Resolution, the word Swaraj in the Congress Constitution would thenceforth mean Complete Independence or Purna Swaraj which was set forth as the goal of the National Movement. The resolution of Poorna Swaraj was adopted at the Lahore Session of  the Congress.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

Who always insisted that India would be truly independent only when the poorest of its people become free of human suffering?

  1. Rajiv Gandhi

  2. Sonia Gandhi

  3. Sanjay Gandhi

  4. Mahatma Gandhi

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This was a great thought of Mahatma Gandhi that India could achieve its independence only when poor of India are free from suffering. Though India was blessed with rich heritage and treasures, the status of poor remained same throughout the ages and had never been better. Poor people constitute a majority of the Indian population. So he thought when poor are freed from their suffering independence can be achieved.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

At the time of India's independence, Mahatma Gandhi was ___________.

  1. A member of Congress Working Committee

  2. Not a member of the Congress

  3. The President of the Congress

  4. The General Secretary of the Congress
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi did not hold any political status after the Independence had been achieved. After a long struggle for independence he finally rested without any position politically. Yet he was considered Father of the Nation.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

Who contemptuously referred to Mahatma Gandhi as a half-naked fakir?

  1. Lord Wavell

  2. Lord Irwin

  3. Lord Willingdon

  4. Winston Churchill
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Winston Churchill famously used the derogatory term 'half-naked fakir' to describe Gandhi during the 1930s when Gandhi was negotiating with the British government.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

Which of the following statements about Mahatma Gandhi's views on Satyagraha is not correct?

  1. It denotes assertion of the power of the human soul against social, political and economic dominance

  2. It is the exercise of the purest soul force against all injustice, oppression and exploitation

  3. It is the best weapon of the weak against the strong

  4. Mahatma Gandhi's theory of Satyagraha was based on the acceptance of the concept of self-suffering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi famously stated that non-violence (Satyagraha) is the weapon of the strong, not the weak. He believed that if one has to choose between cowardice and violence, violence is preferable, but non-violence is the highest path.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement arrival of gandhiji in india early struggles of mahatma gandhi emergence of mahatma gandhi

What was the name of the English weekly edited by Mahatma Gandhi?

  1. Young India

  2. Kesari

  3. Bombay Chronicle

  4. Resurgent India
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Young India was a weekly paper or journal in English published by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi from 1919 to 1931. Its objective was to spread his unique ideology and thoughts regarding the use of nonviolence in organising movements and to urge readers to consider, organise and plan for India’s eventual independence from Britain.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement entry of mahatma gandhi in national movement jallianwala bagh tragedy and non- cooperation movement non - cooperation movement

Arrange the following events in correct chronological order.
(A) Rowlatt satyagraha
(B) Khilafat movement
(C) Jalianwala Bagh massacre
(D) Kheda satyagraha

  1. DACB

  2. BACD

  3. ABCD

  4. DCBA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Kheda Satyagraha -Kheda Satyagraha took place in 1918, against the taxation policy of the British. While MK Gandhi was the spiritual leader, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel emerged as the leader of the struggle.
Rowlatt Satyagraha - In 1919, the British passed the Rowlatt Act, which restricted civil liberties like the freedom to assemble and strengthened police powers. Hindus and Muslims together revolted against this act non violently in the Satyagraha.
The Jalianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919, under the command of General Dyre. The civilians, majorly Sikhs, had assembled at the Jallianwala Bagh to participate in the annual Baisakhi celebrations and were fired upon by the British, in lieu of the martial law.
Khilafat movement, which began in 1919 and went on till 1922, was an agitation by Indian Muslims allied with Indian nationalists, following the years of World WarI. Its purpose was to pressurize the British Government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam following the breakup of Ottoman Empire at the end of the war.
Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement entry of mahatma gandhi in national movement jallianwala bagh tragedy and non- cooperation movement non - cooperation movement

At which Congress session a compromise was worked out within Congress before launching the non-cooperation movement?

  1. Nagpur

  2. Bombay

  3. Calcutta

  4. Madras
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

At a special session of the Congress held at Calcutta on September 4 1920 a special resolution was adopted accepting Non-Cooperation Movement as the only option left open for Indians.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement entry of mahatma gandhi in national movement jallianwala bagh tragedy and non- cooperation movement non - cooperation movement

What was the main objective of Mahatma Gandhi for supporting the Khilafat Movement?

  1. Protection of rights of Muslims in other countries.

  2. In World War I, India was on the side of Ottoman Empire.

  3. Protection of minorities in India.

  4. Creation of broader base for the national movement.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhiji saw the Khilafat Movement as an opportunity for uniting the Hindus and the Muslims. The movement was launched by the Khilafat committee to oppose the harsh treaty which was going to be imposed on the spiritual leader of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East. The movement was anti-British which provided Gandhi with a Pan-Indian platform for his national movement.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement entry of mahatma gandhi in national movement jallianwala bagh tragedy and non- cooperation movement non - cooperation movement

Which of the following incidents made Gandhiji suspend to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

  1. Killing of hundreds of people at Amritsar by General Dyer.

  2. Violent clash of agitators with police at Chauri Chaura.

  3. Violent Guerrilla War in the hills of Andhra Pradesh.

  4. Forcible imposition of Rowlatt Act on the people.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 The movement was in full swing when in Chauri Chaura, Gorakhpur, the police fired upon a Congress procession of 3,300 peasants. The angry crowd set  the police station on fire, killing 22 policemen. Gandhiji had always emphasised that the movement should be peaceful and non-violent . after this incident he called off the movement unilaterally in 1922.

Multiple choice civics non-cooperation movement entry of mahatma gandhi in national movement jallianwala bagh tragedy and non- cooperation movement non - cooperation movement

Jallianwala Bagh incident took place on

  1. 10 April 1919

  2. 12 April 1919

  3. 13 April 1919

  4. 14 April 1919
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The Punjab region as a whole and Amritsar, in particular, witnessed the worst scenes of violence in 1919.
  • In Amritsar, the news of Gandhi's arrest led to mob violence. (Gandhiji was arrested due to Rowlatt satyagraha)
  • On 13th April,1919, General Dyer ordered his troops to fire on a peaceful unarmed crowd assembled at Jallianwala Bagh.