Minerals and Nutrients

Fertilisers typically contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). Chlorine is not a primary nutrient added to fertilisers and can actually be harmful to some plants in high concentrations.

It is not phosphorus, but water which is important for the working of macromolecules.

An essential element is defined by Arnon and Stout as one that is required for the plant to complete its life cycle, and its function cannot be replaced by another element.

Chlorophyll is a magnesium-porphyrin complex. Magnesium (Mg) is the central metal ion in the chlorophyll molecule, so it remains after the organic components are burnt.

Molybdenum is a critical component of the enzyme nitrogenase, which is required for biological nitrogen fixation in plants.

Potassium is the most abundant intracellular cation in living cells, playing a crucial role in maintaining osmotic balance and membrane potential. Phosphorus and sulphur are primarily structural or metabolic components, while iron is a trace element.

Lithophiles have a high bonding affinity with oxygen. Lithophiles have an affinity to form ionic bonds, and are represented by silicates (silicon and oxygen) in the crust and mantle. Other lithophile elements include magnesium, aluminum, sodium, potassium, iron and calcium.

The soluble protein, fibrinogen,in blood plasma is converted into insoluble fibrin, thus preventing blood loss through cuts, etc. Calcium is required for the clotting. 

Iron is essential for hemoglobin production, while calcium and phosphorus are the primary minerals required for the structural integrity and formation of bones.

This option is wrong because white phosphorus shines in darkness due to its slow combustion in the air. It is produced by phosphorus pentaoxide.

This is the correct option. Chlorine is not a macronutrient that is present in a plant. It is a micronutrient that is present in a small quantity in a plant. Sulphur is a macronutrient that is present in a plant. Thus, it is a wrong option.

Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen bonds. Both water (H₂O) and salts (ex: NaCl) do not contain carbon & hydrogen, so they are inorganic in nature.

Chlorophyll molecules contain a magnesium ion at the center of a porphyrin ring, and iron is essential for the synthesis of the chlorophyll molecule.

Essential macro elements (like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) are nutrients that plants must absorb from the soil in large quantities to survive.

Chlorophyll is a magnesium-porphyrin complex. When the chlorophyll molecule breaks down, the central magnesium ion is released.