Medieval and Modern Indian History

Alauddin Khilji's most significant achievement was his revolutionary revenue system and effective control over inflation. He implemented market regulations, fixed prices for essential commodities, and established an efficient grain procurement and distribution system. His administrative reforms in this area were far ahead of their time and provided stability to his empire. While he did invade South India, the economic reforms were more impactful and long-lasting.

This is the correct answer. Indians were made to take off their shoes when entering any government institution.

The First Afghan War (1839-42) was fought during Lord Auckland's tenure as Governor-General of India. His policy led to British invasion of Afghanistan to install a friendly ruler.

Statement 1: It is correct because the famous battle of Buxar (22 October, 1764) on which the fate of India finally achieved the objective that the battle of Plassey (23 June 1757) failed to achieve. After the victory of Buxar, the English armies advanced towards Avadh and established their control over Banaras and Allahabad. A treaty was concluded between Nawab Shujauddaula and the British. The supremacy of the English was established in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa after this war. The existence of the Nawab of Avadh now fully depended on the mercy of the English. They also imprisoned the mughal emperor and extended the British territory towards north-west of Bengal. It curtailed the power of the Mughal emperor, yet they continued to have honour and prestige all over India. It also added to the power and prestige of the English. Statement 2: It is correct because Battle of Buxar was a decisive battle fought between British and Indian forces at Buxar, a town on the Ganges River. Mir Kasim, the nawab (governor) of Bengal, wanted to rid his territory of British control. He formed an alliance with the Nawab of Oudh and Shah Alam II, the Mughal emperors. The combined Indian armies invaded Bengal and clashed with British troops led by Major Hector Munro, in October 1764. It resulted in victory of the British and in1765, Robert Clive signed the Treaty of Allahabad with the Nawab of Oudh and Shah Alam II. The treaty effectively legalized the British East India Company's control over the whole of Bengal. Statement 3: It is incorrect because the Treaty of Alinagar was signed on February 9, 1757 between Robert Clive of the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Mirza Muhammad Siraj-ud-Daula. The signing of the treaty was one of the events leading up to the famous Battle of Plassey (2 July 1757). Later the consequence of Battle of Buxar (22 October 1764) was the Treaty of Allahabad (1765) signed between the prime victim Shuja-ud-Daula and the British, that secured Diwani Rights for the Company to collect and manage the revenues. Hence, the correct option is 3.

We have invasion in S₁. So, next sentence is about, whom he defeated. What did he do after defeating the Mughals follows next and lastly we have, after his stay what did he take away with him.

The 13th Rock Edict of Ashoka contains his personal reflection on the Kalinga War, describing the immense suffering and death caused by the conquest. This edict marks Ashoka's transformation after witnessing the horrors of war and expresses his remorse and subsequent adoption of dhamma (righteousness). The other edicts listed are either different in content or location.

The Santhal rebellion (1855-56) was led by four brothers from the Santhal tribal community: Sidhu, Kanhu, Chand, and Bhairav. The most prominent leaders were Sidhu and Kanhu, who mobilized the tribals against exploitative practices by moneylenders and colonial officials. The rebellion resulted in the creation of Santhal Parganas as a separate administrative region.

The Battle of Khanwa (1527) was fought between Babar and the Rajput confederation led by Rana Sanga. The First Battle of Panipat (1526) was Babar vs Ibrahim Lodi, while Ghagra (1529) and Chanderi (1528) were later battles.

The Mughals claimed descent from both the Mongol warriors (through Genghis Khan's lineage from his mother's side) and Timur (Tamerlane) from their father's side. Babar was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side. This dual lineage was a source of great pride for the Mughals and was used to legitimize their rule.

The Mopillahs (Mapillahs) were Muslim peasants who led the Malabar Rebellion (1921-1922) against British rule in Kerala's Malabar region. It was one of the largest tribal/peasant uprisings during the freedom struggle. The movement was primarily in Kerala (then Malabar district of Madras Presidency).

The Parsis were the first Indian community to westernise and found the Oriental Cricket Club.

Tipu Sultan of Mysore did sign a secret alliance with Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798 to counter British expansion in India. This is a documented historical fact from the Anglo-Mysore Wars period.

The Battle of Buxar (1764) was fought between the British East India Company forces commanded by Major Hector Munro and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. Munro's decisive victory established British supremacy in Bengal. Clive had returned to England earlier, and neither Hume nor Coote commanded at Buxar.