Medieval and Modern Indian History

The Red Fort (Lal Qila) in Delhi was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan between 1638 and 1648 when he shifted his capital from Agra to Delhi. This UNESCO World Heritage Site served as the main residence of Mughal emperors for nearly 200 years. Humayun built Humayun's Tomb, Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, and Aurangzeb expanded the empire but didn't build the Red Fort.

Din-e-Ilahi (Divine Faith) was initiated by Emperor Akbar in 1582 CE as a syncretic religious movement that aimed to blend elements from various religions including Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism. Akbar created this belief system to promote religious tolerance and unity among the diverse populations of his empire. The faith emphasized the concept of sulh-i-kul (universal peace) and had a small following among the nobility.

 Option (4) is correct.

Chand Bibi was the regent ruler of Ahmednagar Sultanate in the Deccan during the late 16th century, famous for defending her kingdom against Mughal forces. She ceded the Berar region to Akbar as part of a peace settlement to protect Ahmednagar from complete Mughal conquest. Known as 'Chand Bibi of Ahmednagar,' she is celebrated for her political acumen and military leadership in a male-dominated era.

Guru Arjun Dev, the 5th Sikh Guru, was martyred in 1606 during the reign of Emperor Jahangir. He was executed on charges of treason and religious blasphemy after refusing to remove references to Muslim prophets from the Sikh scripture. His martyrdom is a watershed moment in Sikh history that marked the beginning of armed resistance against Mughal oppression. Jahangir was offended by the Guru's growing influence and support for Prince Khusrau's rebellion.

Aurangzeb annexed Bijapur in 1686-1688 and Golconda in 1687, significantly expanding the Mughal Empire in the Deccan region. These were major conquests during his reign, which marked the peak of Mughal territorial extent in South India.

Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar's reign, was written by Abul Fazl, one of the nine jewels (Navaratnas) of Akbar's court. It is a comprehensive chronicle of the Mughal empire. Akbar commissioned it, while Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb ruled later.

The East India Company was founded in 1600 during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar (1556-1605). The Company received its royal charter from Queen Elizabeth I of England on December 31, 1600, establishing its trading presence in India.

This is the correct answer as this statement is correct. The Santhal Pargana was created from the districts of Bhagalpur and Birbhum.

This is the correct answer. The revenue system that was introduced in Bombay Deccan came to be known as the ryotwari system. The average income from different types of soil was estimated, the revenue-paying capacity of the ryot was assessed and the revenue was directly settled with the ryot.

This is the correct answer. Nasiruddin Humayun (1530-40,1555-56) expanded the frontiers of the empire, but lost it to the Afghan leader Sher Shah Sur, who drove him into exile. Humayun took refuge in the court of the Safavid ruler of Iran.

This is the correct answer. The first Mughal ruler Babur wrote poetry and his memoirs in Turkish language.

This is the correct answer as all the statements are correct.

This statement is incorrect. The Mahabharata was translated as the Razmnama.

This is the correct answer as these statements are correct.