Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice

Recent researches suggest that peroxisomes have ______ origin.

  1. cyanobacterial

  2. fusobacterial

  3. actinobacterial

  4. proteobacterial
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Recent phylogenetic evidence suggests peroxisomes evolved from actinobacterial ancestors, distinguishing them from mitochondria (proteobacterial) and chloroplasts (cyanobacterial). This supports the endosymbiotic theory for peroxisome origin.

Multiple choice

Circulatory system is absent in:

  1. annelids

  2. flatworms

  3. anthropods

  4. cephalopods
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) lack a specialized circulatory system because their flat, thin body shape allows sufficient diffusion of gases and nutrients directly from the environment to body cells. Annelids have a closed circulatory system, arthropods have an open circulatory system, and cephalopods (mollusks) have a well-developed closed circulatory system with multiple hearts.

Multiple choice

Tapeworms belong to which of the following groups?

  1. Trematoda

  2. Cestoda

  3. Annelida

  4. Nematoda
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tapeworms belong to the class Cestoda within the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms). They are characterized by their ribbon-like bodies composed of segments called proglottids. Trematoda are flukes, Annelida are segmented worms, and Nematoda are roundworms.

Multiple choice

In evolution of horse, the two most important anatomical and morphological changes brought about is:

  1. Limbs and tail

  2. Limbs and height

  3. Limbs and teeth

  4. Teeth and tail
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Horse evolution shows two major adaptations: limb structure changed from multi-toed forest browsers to single-toed plains runners, and teeth evolved from browsing teeth to high-crowned grazing teeth adapted to abrasive grasses. While tail reduction occurred, and height increased, the limbs and teeth were the primary evolutionary changes driven by habitat shifts.

Multiple choice

A microorganism richest in protein:

  1. Chlorella

  2. Morchella

  3. Spirulina

  4. Saprolegnia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Spirulina is a cyanobacterium (blue-green algae) that contains 60-70% protein by dry weight, making it one of the richest natural sources of protein. While Chlorella is also protein-rich, Spirulina has higher protein content and is commonly used as a protein supplement.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is a mammalian character without any exception?

  1. Diaphragm

  2. Hair

  3. Teeth

  4. Mammary glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mammary glands are the defining characteristic of all mammals, giving the class its name. While some mammals like whales have lost hair (option B) and there are other exceptions to features like the diaphragm or teeth, mammary glands are universal in mammals.

Multiple choice

Carrageenan is a general name for polysaccharides extracted from certain kinds of algae. Which of the following algae is used for extracting carrageenan?

  1. Chlorella

  2. Eucheuma

  3. Pelvetia canaliculata

  4. Gracilaria

  5. Porphyra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Eucheuma  is a group of red seaweeds representing the tribe Eucheumatoideae used in the production of carrageenan, an important product used in cosmetics, food processing, and industrial uses, as well as a food source for those living in Indonesia and the Philippines.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Green algae are eukaryotic organisms.

  2. Green algae contains sulfated polysaccharides.

  3. The green algae have served as model experimental organisms to understand the mechanisms of osmoregulation.

  4. All green algae have mitochondria with curved cristae.

  5. Green algae have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All green algae have mitochondria with flat cristae. When present, paired flagella are used to move the cell. They are anchored by a cross-shaped system of microtubules and fibrous strands.

Multiple choice

Blue-green algae is able to produce highly potent toxins. Which of the following toxins is not produced by blue-green algae?

  1. Neurotoxins

  2. Gyromitrin

  3. Hepatotoxins

  4. Non-specific toxins

  5. Endotoxins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gyromitrin is a toxin and carcinogen present in several members of the fungal genus Gyromitra, most notably the false morel G. esculenta. It is unstable and is easily hydrolyzed to the toxic compound monomethylhydrazine, a component of some rocket fuels.

Multiple choice

Match the columns ||| |---|---| |a. Acclimatisation|i. Place where a plant or animal lives| |b. Stimulus|ii. Presence of a specific body feature in plants and animals to live in a particular| |c. Habitat|iii. Process of becoming accustomed to different enviorment for short period of time| |d. Adaption|iv. Changes in surroundings to which living things respond|

  1. a - ii, b - iv, c - iii, d - i

  2. a - iii, b - iv, c - i, d - ii

  3. a - iv, b - i, c - ii, d - iii

  4. a - iii, b - ii, c - i, d - iv

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is an correct answer. All the options are matched correctly.