Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is FALSE about bacterial flagella?

  1. They are made up of a hollow, rigid protein tube.

  2. They use cytoplasmic ATP as their primary energy source.

  3. They spin either clockwise or anticlockwise.

  4. They are mainly made up of a single protein called flagellin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They use cytoplasmic ATP as their primary energy source. Bacterial flagella help the bacteria to move in its environment. It is driven by a rotary engine present at its base, by proton motive force.

Multiple choice

Flagellar filament of bacteria grows by ________.

  1. assembly of subunits travelling through the hollow flagellum to the tip

  2. assembly of subunits along the length of the filament

  3. elongation from tip of the flagellum by enzymatic addition

  4. elongation from base of the flagellum by enzymatic addition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Assembly of subunits travelling through the hollow flagellum to the tip. The flagella of bacterium are made up of protein called flagellin. Flagellum is hollow inside and the flagellin subunits are added through the flagellum to the tip. Flagellum of Bacillus subtilis had been completely sequenced and found to be made up of 304 amino acid residues which have a molecular weight of 32600.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is false?

  1. Haeckel grouped bacteria and fungi with unrelated organisms.

  2. Whittaker included prokaryotic, autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms in kingdom Monera.

  3. Whittaker included eukaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic organisms in kingdom Protista.

  4. Viruses are not the first cell organisms in Whittaker’s classification system.

  5. Copeland did not place fungi properly in his four kingdom of classification.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses are the first cell organisms in Whittaker’s five kingdom classification.

Multiple choice

Which of the following microbial domains or kingdoms has characteristic - “Prokaryotic cells possessing primarily diacyl glycerol diester lipids in their membranes and bacterial rRNA and no nuclear membrane”?

  1. Domain Archaea

  2. Domain Bacteria

  3. Domain Eukarya

  4. Magnoliophyta

  5. Saccharomycotina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Domain Bacteria: Prokaryotic cells possessing primarily diacyl glycerol diester lipids in their membranes and bacterial rRNA and no nuclear membrane.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are TRUE about yeasts characteristics?

  1. Eukaryotic, unicellular, absorptive heterotroph

  2. Prokaryotic, multicellular

  3. Prokaryotic, unicellular

  4. Eukaryotic, multicellular, absorptive heterotroph

  5. Eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic autotroph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yeasts are eukaryotic, unicellular and possess absorptive heterotrophy.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a group of eukaryotes that represent descent from an organism that had an endosymbiosis between a line related to a bikont and a red alga?

  1. Domain Archaea

  2. Domain Bacteria

  3. Chromalvaeolate

  4. Magnoliophyta

  5. Saccharomycotina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Chromalvaeolate: It is a group of eukaryotes that represent descent from an organism that had an endosymbiosis between a line related to a bikont and a red alga.

Multiple choice

Select the correct statement from the following options for domain Archaea.

  1. These are bacterial-like organisms that can live only in extreme salt environment.

  2. These are primitive protist-like creatures possessing fewer chromosomes per cell.

  3. These are extremophiles prokaryotes that share some bacterial and some eukaryotic characteristics.

  4. These are not methanogens.

  5. These are organisms that are only adapted to high temperature environment.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Archaea are extremophiles prokaryotes and are found in extreme environments. They show eukaryotic traits like DNA replication machinery, histones, nucleosome-like structures, and transcription machinery.

Multiple choice

Bacteria and protists are placed in different domains. Which of the following options is the most appropriate?

  1. Bacterial cells lack membrane bounded nucleus, and protists have membrane bound nucleus.

  2. Bacteria do not have cells.

  3. Bacteria can decompose protists.

  4. Protists are photosynthetic and make their food from the sun like a plant.

  5. Protists are much older than bacteria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bacterial cells lack membrane bound nucleus, and protists have membrane bound nucleus. So, both are placed in different domains.

Multiple choice

What is the meannig of Phenetics classification?

  1. Organisms are classified on the basis of their ribosomal RNA.

  2. Organisms are classified based on overall similarity, regardless of their phylogeny or evolutionary relationships.

  3. Organisms are classified on the basis of type of nutrition.

  4. Organisms are classified based on genetic and DNA structures.

  5. Organisms are classified on the basis of microns.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In phenetics, also known as taximetrics, organisms are classified based on overall similarity, regardless of their phylogeny or evolutionary relationships. It results in a measure of evolutionary distance between taxa. Phenetic methods have become relatively rare in modern times.

Multiple choice

Birds are often seen on the back of buffalo because they _________.

  1. love to sing while sitting on the buffalo's back

  2. rest after flying for a while

  3. feed on parasites on the buffalo's back

  4. feed on insects present in the grass

  5. none of the above reasons is correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The buffalo allow the birds to sit and rest on their backs as they protect them from the pests such as flies, bugs, and many other creatures.

Multiple choice

Deep sea divers are asked to wear special suits because

  1. the sea water is very cold

  2. of the safety from dangerous aquatic animals

  3. special suits maintain the pressure equal to atmospheric pressure

  4. special suits reduce the pressure from the atmospheric pressure

  5. special suits reduce the weight
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, special suits maintain the pressure equal to atmospheric pressure.

Multiple choice

No matter how adverse the conditions may become for the people of the Arctic, they will never hunt and eat a penguin. Why so?

  1. This is because it is illegal.

  2. This is because they consider penguins sacred.

  3. This is because penguins are too agile for them and it is not worth the effort.

  4. This is because penguins are small in size and do not provide sufficient meat.

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Penguins live in the Antarctic (south), not the Arctic (north).