Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is false about cornocobs structure?

  1. Cornocob structure are highly specific cell-to-cell interactions.

  2. Cornocob appearance is seen in supragingival plaque towards tooth surface.

  3. The cornocob formations have Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterial cells.

  4. Central Gram-positive core supporting outer coccal cells is called cornocob arrangement.

  5. Central Gram-negative core supporting outer coccal cells is called cornocob arrangement.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Central Gram-negative core supporting outer coccal cells is called cornocob arrangement.

Multiple choice

Which of the following unicellular organisms has a macronucleus for trophic function and one or more micronuclei for reproduction?

  1. Trypanosoma

  2. Paramecium

  3. Euglena

  4. Amoeba
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The macronucleus controls non-reproductive cell functions, expressing the genes needed for daily functioning. The micronucleus is the generative or germline nucleus, containing the genetic material that is passed along from one generation to the next.

Multiple choice

In contrast to Annelids the Platyhelminths show

  1. absence of body cavity

  2. presence of pseudocoel

  3. radial symmetry

  4. bilateral symmetry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 In contrast to Annelids the Platyhelminths show absence of body cavity. They are acoelomates (having no body cavity), and have no specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, which restricts them to having flattened shapes that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by diffusion.

Multiple choice

Barophilic prokaryotes

  1. grow slowly in highly alkaline frozen lakes at high altitudes

  2. grow and multiply in very deep marine sediments

  3. readily grow and divide in sea water enriched in any soluble salt of barium

  4. occur in water containing high concentration of barium hydroxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Barophilic prokaryotes grow slowly in highly alkaline frozen lakes at high altitudes.They are also known as Piezophiles.

Multiple choice

From the following statements, select the wrong one.

  1. Prawn has two pairs of antennae.

  2. Millepedes have two pairs of appendages in each segment of the body.

  3. Animals belonging to Phylum Porifera are exclusively marine.

  4. Nematocysts are characteristic of the phylum cnidaria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  Animals belonging to Phylum Porifera are exclusively marine.This statement is wrong one as There is, however, one family of fresh water sponges (Family Spongillidae). 

Multiple choice

Auxospores and hormocysts are formed, respectively, by

  1. some cyanobacteria and many diatoms

  2. several diatoms and a few cyanobacteria

  3. several cyanobacteria and several diatoms

  4. some diatoms and several cyanobacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Auxospores and hormocysts are form, respectively, by several diatoms and a few cyanobacteria. Auxospores typically play a role in growth processes, sexual reproduction or dormancy in some species of diatoms. Hormocysts are the specialised structures found in cyanobacteria which help in reproduction.

Multiple choice

An acromian process is characteristically found in the

  1. skull of frog.

  2. sperm of mammals.

  3. pelvic gridle of mammals.

  4. pectoral girdle of mammals.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 An acromion process is a type of bony process which articulates with the clavicle, or collar bone. It is characteristically found in the pectoral girdle of mammals.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter?

  1. Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.

  2. Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel.

  3. Microbes did not appear in stored meat.

  4. Microbes appeared from unsterilised organic matter.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel, This experiment suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter.This  experiment was showing evidence against theory of spontanous generation.

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Dolphins live in saltwater as well as in freshwater locations. Though, only a handful of the species are known to thrive in freshwater regions. They tend to stick to the shallow areas of the water found along the continental shelves. Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of them helping drowning sailors have been common since Roman times. The more we learn about dolphins, the more we realise that their society is more complex than people previously imagined. They look after other dolphins when they are ill, care for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the community, as we do. Some scientists have suggested that dolphins have a language, but it is much more probable that they communicate with each other without using words.

What kind of creatures are dolphins?

  1. Friendly

  2. Unfriendly

  3. Dangerous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The line "Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea" suggests the answer.  

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Dolphins live in saltwater as well as in freshwater locations. Though, only a handful of the species are known to thrive in freshwater regions. They tend to stick to the shallow areas of the water found along the continental shelves. Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of them helping drowning sailors have been common since Roman times. The more we learn about dolphins, the more we realise that their society is more complex than people previously imagined. They look after other dolphins when they are ill, care for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the community, as we do. Some scientists have suggested that dolphins have a language, but it is much more probable that they communicate with each other without using words.

Dolphins can live in

  1. saltwater

  2. freshwater

  3. Both (1) and (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The line "Dolphins live in saltwater, but they can also live in freshwater locations" suggests the answer.

Multiple choice

Which of the following animals has the ability to regenerate its lost body parts?

  1. Amoeba

  2. Planaria

  3. Paramecium

  4. Euglena
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Planaria are flatworms known for their remarkable regenerative ability. When cut into pieces, each fragment can develop into a complete organism due to specialized cells that can differentiate into various cell types. Amoeba, Paramecium, and Euglena are unicellular organisms that reproduce by fission but cannot regenerate lost body parts.

Multiple choice

Which of the following organisms is called autotroph?

  1. Earthworm

  2. Grass

  3. Cow

  4. Human
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Grass is an autotroph because it produces its own food through photosynthesis, using sunlight, water, and CO2. Autotrophs form the base of most food chains. Earthworms, cows, and humans are heterotrophs that must consume other organisms for energy.