Diversity in Living Organisms

Birds excrete nitrogenous waste primarily as uric acid, which is a semi-solid paste requiring very little water for excretion, allowing them to conserve water effectively.

Amarbel is a parasitic plant. It derives nutrients from other organisms without benefitting the host.

Isidia are vegetative propagules found in lichens. They are small, outgrowths of the thallus containing both the photobiont and mycobiont, which break off to form new lichens.

In some yeasts, when buds do not separate from the parent cell, they form a chain of cells that resembles a mycelium, known as pseudomycelium.

The photobiont in lichens is typically a photosynthetic organism, which is either a green alga or a cyanobacterium (blue-green alga).

The gills of Agaricus are composed of the trama, subhymenium, and hymenium. The stipe is the stalk of the mushroom, not a part of the gill structure.

Cliona contains siliceous and monoaxon spicules.

Coelenteron is septate in Carybdea.

Tentacles bear colloblasts in Cestus sps.

Convulata has rod-like structures in the cells of the epidermis called rhabdites.

Its body cavity is lined by nucleated peritoneum.

Calanoida is a copepod and larvae of copepods bear naupliar eye. It is an unpaired median eye.

Obelia is diploblastic and has radial symmetry.

Phasmids are absent in anticoma.

In Leucosolenia, asconoid type of canal system is found. In this, the water current reaches the spongocoel after passing through the ostia and goes out through the osculum.