Biology · Chemistry

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

1,130 Questions

Lipids, fats, and biochemistry explore the structure and function of biological molecules. This includes fatty acids, cholesterol, trans-fats, and cellular membranes. Questions on this topic frequently appear in science sections of competitive government exams.

Types of fats and lipidsCholesterol and human bodyFatty acidsCellular membranes

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the surfactants?

  1. It is a fraction part of a lipoprotein called dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-choline.

  2. It is synthesized by alveolar type II cells.

  3. Alveolar surface area decreases during expiration, the surfactant decreases the surface tension at a constant rate.

  4. When surfactant density gets decreased during expansion, surface tension initially rises rapidly, then begins to fall until it reaches the starting point.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During expansion, i.e. during the act of inspiration,  the surfactant density decreases which makes the surface tension strong enough to make the alveoli collapse again. So, the surface tension will constantly rise not as the option states that it will increase, then decrease.

Multiple choice

Find the odd one out.

  1. Carbohydrate

  2. Fat

  3. Water

  4. Protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen only and it does not release energy. 

Multiple choice

The end product of fat digestion is

  1. amino acids

  2. starch

  3. fatty acids

  4. glucose

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fats are broken down by lipase enzymes into fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids are the primary end products of fat digestion, along with glycerol. Amino acids come from proteins, starch is a carbohydrate, and glucose is a simple sugar.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is regarded as main cellular fuel?

  1. Protein

  2. Fat

  3. Fructose

  4. Glucose

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Glucose is the primary fuel for cellular respiration, producing ATP through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. While fats can provide energy, they require breakdown first. Proteins are primarily for building structures, and fructose must be converted to glucose for cellular use.

Multiple choice

Fatty acids can be absorbed only in the presence of

  1. glycerol

  2. lipase

  3. bile salts

  4. bile pigments

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bile salts emulsify fats, breaking large fat globules into smaller droplets, which increases surface area for lipase enzymes to work. This emulsification is essential for proper fat digestion and absorption. Glycerol is a fat component, lipase is the enzyme, and bile pigments are waste products.

Multiple choice

Fat synthesis is associated with

  1. ribosomes

  2. peroxisomes

  3. spherosomes

  4. dictyosomes

  5. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fat synthesis is associated with spherosomes.

Multiple choice

Plasmalemma is composed of

  1. protein

  2. fats

  3. lipoproteins

  4. carbohydrates

  5. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plasmalemma is composed of lipoproteins.

Multiple choice

Directions: The following question has four choices out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

  1. Fats are high energy biomolecules.

  2. Lipids are generally insoluble in water.<o:p></o:p>

  3. Hydrolysis of fats by alkali is called saponification.

  4. Stearic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Stearic acid is the saturated fatty acid with an 18 carbon chain and has the IUPAC name 'octadecanoic acid'.

Multiple choice

Which of the following nutrients are stored in adipose tissues?

  1. Fats

  2. Roughage

  3. Vitamins

  4. Minerals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Adipose tissue is specialized connective tissue designed primarily for fat storage. It stores excess energy in the form of triglycerides (fats). Roughage refers to dietary fiber, vitamins are micronutrients needed in small amounts, and minerals are inorganic nutrients - none of which are stored in adipose tissue.

Multiple choice

Which of the following contains unsaturated fats?

  1. Milk

  2. Cheese

  3. Coconut oil

  4. Vegetable oil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vegetable oils like olive, sunflower, and canola oil are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which are liquid at room temperature and considered heart-healthy. Milk and cheese contain mostly saturated fats, while coconut oil is unusually high in saturated fats despite being plant-based.

Multiple choice

Which of the following nutrients act as insulator and prevent the loss of heat from the animal body?

  1. Fats

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Proteins

  4. Vitamins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fats act as thermal insulators by forming a layer beneath the skin that helps maintain body temperature and prevents heat loss. This is why marine mammals and animals in cold climates have thick fat layers (blubber). Carbohydrates and proteins primarily provide energy and building materials, while vitamins regulate various metabolic processes.