Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

Correct Answer: Julian Huxley

Carl Woese modified kingdom Monera into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.

The theory of natural selection was popularised by the book ‘Origin of Species’ written by Charles Darwin.

Correct option is (4).

Tansley coined the term ecosystem.

Cell theory has become the foundation of biology and is the most widely accepted explanation of the function of cells. Hypothesis is a supposition or proposed explanation that is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

The primary structure of bovine insulin was first determined by Frederick Sanger in 1951.

In 1878, German physiologist Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme', which comes from the Greek word 'leaven', to describe this process.

The theory of recapitulation is often expressed in Ernst Haeckel's phrase 'ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny'.

Transposable elements (TEs), also known as jumping genes or transposons, are sequences of DNA that move (or jump) from one location in the genome to another. Maize geneticist Barbara McClintock discovered TEs in 1940s and for decades thereafter, most scientists dismissed transposons as useless or junk DNA.

Robert Hooke, an English scientist, discovered a honeycomb-like structure in a cork slice using a primitive compound microscope. He only saw cell walls as this was dead tissue. He coined the term 'cell' for these individual compartments he saw.

Binomial system of classification is the system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet. This was given by Linnaeus.

Transposable elements (TEs), also known as jumping genes or transposons, are sequences of DNA that move (or jump) from one location in the genome to another. Maize geneticist Barbara McClintock discovered TEs in 1940s and for decades thereafter, most scientists dismissed transposons as useless or junk DNA.

The concept of limiting factors states that growth is controlled not by the total amount of resources available, but by the scarcest resource. It was given by Blackman.

The Miller Urey experiment (or Miller experiment) was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought to be present at the time of early Earth and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions.