Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

William Oughtred is credited with inventing the slide rule in the 17th century based on John Napier's work on logarithms.

Harry Brearley is credited with the invention of stainless steel in 1913 while researching corrosion-resistant alloys for gun barrels.

Henry Bessemer developed the Bessemer process, which was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron.

William Le Baron Jenney is known as the father of the American skyscraper, having designed the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.

Sir Ernest Swinton was a key figure in the development of the tank during World War I, advocating for armored vehicles to cross trenches.

David Bushnell built the Turtle, which was the first submarine capable of independent underwater movement and used in combat during the American Revolutionary War.

Option (1) is the correct answer. 

Leo Baekeland invented Bakelite, the first plastic made from synthetic components, in 1907.

Orville and Wilbur Wright are credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful motor-operated airplane.

Wilhelm Schickard is credited with creating the first mechanical calculator (adding machine) in 1623.

Kirkpatrick Macmillan is widely credited with inventing the first rear-wheel-driven bicycle in the 1830s.

Benjamin Franklin is credited with inventing bifocals, as he grew tired of switching between two pairs of glasses for reading and distance.

Alexander Parkes invented Parkesine, the first man-made plastic, which was later developed into celluloid.

Evangelista Torricelli is credited with inventing the barometer in 1643, demonstrating the existence of atmospheric pressure.