Indian Rivers and Waterways

The Volga River, the longest river in Europe, flows through central Russia and empties into the Caspian Sea. It does not flow into any of the other seas listed - the Dead Sea, Red Sea, or Mediterranean Sea are all geographically separated from the Volga's watershed. The Caspian Sea is actually the largest inland body of water on Earth.

The Tehri Hydro Power Complex is built on the Bhagirathi River, a main tributary of the Ganga. It is located in Uttarakhand and is one of India's largest hydroelectric projects.

The Rann of Kutch is an inland drainage area in Gujarat where rivers and streams terminate without reaching the sea. Chilka (lagoon with sea connection), Sambhar (saltwater lake), and Mansarovar (glacial lake) are not inland drainage systems.

The Godavari River is called 'Dakshin Ganga' or 'Ganga of the South' because it is the longest river in peninsular India and holds immense religious significance, similar to the River Ganga in North India. It flows through Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.

To answer this question, we need knowledge of the geography of India, specifically the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra. Let's go through each option and determine if it flows through both states:

A. Godavari: This river does not flow through Gujarat. It primarily flows through the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha. Therefore, option A is incorrect.

B. Mahi: This river does flow through Gujarat, but it does not flow through Maharashtra. Therefore, option B is incorrect.

C. Tapti: This river flows through both Gujarat and Maharashtra. It originates in the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh and flows westward, passing through Surat in Gujarat and Palghar in Maharashtra. Therefore, option C is correct.

D. Sabarmati: This river flows through Gujarat, specifically through the city of Ahmedabad. It does not flow through Maharashtra. Therefore, option D is incorrect.

The correct answer is:

C. Tapti

The Indravati River originates in Odisha and flows through Chhattisgarh before joining the Godavari River near the border of Maharashtra and Telangana. It is a major tributary of the Godavari, not the Krishna, Cauvery, or Ganga rivers.

Agra is located on the banks of the Yamuna River (called Jamuna in this question, a regional variant spelling). The Taj Mahal and Agra Fort are both situated along this river, which is a major tributary of the Ganges.

Kanpur is situated on the banks of the Ganges River (also called Ganga). It is one of the major cities on the Ganges plain in Uttar Pradesh, an important industrial center.

Karachi is located on the banks of the Indus River near the Arabian Sea. The Indus is Pakistan's principal river, and Karachi, being the largest city and former capital, sits in its delta region.

Patna is located on the southern banks of the Ganga River. The city has been a historical center for over two millennia, and its position on the Ganga made it an important trade and administrative hub in ancient India.

Surat is located on the banks of the Tapti River (also spelled Tapi). The city's position on this river in Gujarat contributed to its historical importance as a trading port, though the Tapti is much smaller than Gujarat's Narmada.

Vijayawada is located on the banks of the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh. The city sits at the strategic location where the river exits the Eastern Ghats onto the coastal plains, making it a crucial transportation hub.

Cuttack is located on the banks of the Mahanadi River in Odisha. The city's position at a headland where the Mahanadi branches into several distributaries made it historically significant as a riverine trade center.

Lahore is located on the banks of the Ravi River, one of the five rivers of Punjab. The Ravi flows through the city's northern and western sections, though its course has changed over centuries due to floods and human intervention.

Lucknow is located on the banks of the Gomti River, a tributary of the Ganga. The river flows through the heart of the city and has shaped its urban development, with important buildings and gardens situated along its banks.