Indian Philosophy and Aesthetics

The Sanskrit word 'rupya' literally means 'wrought silver' or 'worked silver,' referring to silver coins that were widely used in ancient India. This is the etymological origin of the word 'rupee,' which became the name of currency across several South Asian countries.

The Tamil calendar months in order are: Chittirai, Vaigasi, Aani, Aadi, Aavani, Purattasi, Aippasi, Kaarthigai, Maargazhi, Thai, Maasi, Panguni. Purattasi is the sixth month (September-October).

According to the Mahabharata, Karna received three major curses that contributed to his death: 1) Parashurama's curse that he would forget his skills when needed most, 2) A Brahmin's curse that his chariot wheel would sink into the earth during battle, and 3) Mother Earth's curse that she would not support him when he needed ground stability. These three curses converged during the Kurukshetra war.

Hinduism is actually known as Sanatana Dharma, meaning "eternal duty" or "eternal law." The term "Hinduism" originated from Persian invaders who used "Hindu" to describe people living beyond the Indus River. Karma is a concept within the tradition, Smriti refers to remembered texts, and Advaita is a philosophical school - none are the religion's actual name.

Advaita is a school of Hindu philosophy (non-dualism) most closely associated with Adi Shankaracharya (8th century CE), who consolidated and systematized its teachings. The question's phrasing is cryptic but tests knowledge of Indian philosophy.

The Four Noble Truths are the foundation of Buddhist teachings: 1) Life involves suffering (dukkha), 2) Suffering has a cause (craving), 3) Suffering can end (nirvana), and 4) The path to end suffering is the Eightfold Path. These form the core essence of Buddhism.

The Zend Avesta is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism, the religion practiced by Parsis. Option A 'The Zend' is incomplete - Zend refers to the commentary/language, but the full book name is Zend Avesta. Therefore 'Both A and B' is incorrect.

Asato maa Sadgamaya from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad means "Lead me from the unreal to the real." This is one of the famous peace chants seeking spiritual transformation from falsehood to truth.

Arya Samaj, founded by Swami Dayanand, explicitly rejects idol worship as a reformist Hindu movement. They promote the Vedic principle of formless God (nirishwar Brahma) and conduct havans and Vedic rituals without idols. The 'true' option would be incorrect.

The Adi Granth (also known as Guru Granth Sahib) is the central religious scripture of Sikhism, containing hymns and teachings of the Sikh Gurus. It's the holiest text in Sikh religion. English, Hindu, and Jain scriptures have different names and texts.

The Adi Granth is the early compilation of the Sikh scriptures, which later became the Guru Granth Sahib. It is the sacred scripture of Sikhism, containing hymns and teachings of Sikh Gurus and other saints. It is central to Sikh worship and theology.