Indian Geography

Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, was born at Talwandi (now Nankana Sahib in Pakistan). Anandpur Sahib was founded later, Amritsar is home to the Golden Temple, and Nanded is where Guru Gobind Singh passed away.

Maqbool Fida Husain, popularly known as M.F. Husain, was born in Pandharpur, Maharashtra. This temple town in Solapur district is his birthplace, though he later became based in Mumbai and became globally famous as a pioneer of modern Indian art.

Mahakaleshwar in Ujjain and Omkareshwar are the two Jyotirlinga temples located in Madhya Pradesh. Both are major pilgrimage sites dedicated to Lord Shiva. Viswanath temple is in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, and Rameshwaram is in Tamil Nadu, so options A and D are not in Madhya Pradesh.

The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, is located in Amritsar, Punjab, India. It is the holiest gurdwara and the most important pilgrimage site of Sikhism. Ludhiana and Chandigarh are also in Punjab but not the temple's location, while Lahore is in Pakistan.

Srinagar serves as the summer capital of Jammu & Kashmir. Jammu is the winter capital, while Leh and Ladakh are in the separate Ladakh region (no longer part of J&K since 2019).

Shimla is the capital of Himachal Pradesh. Dharamsala (home to the Dalai Lama) is often mistaken as the capital but is not, while Kullu and Manali are popular tourist destinations.

Itanagar is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, established in 1974 when the state was constituted as the Northeast Frontier Agency (NEA). The other options are important historical and tourist sites but not the capital.

Dispur is the capital city of Assam, located within the Guwahati metropolitan area. While Guwahati is the largest city in Assam, Dispur specifically serves as the administrative capital where the Assam Legislative Assembly and Secretariat are located. Hajo and Barpeta are towns in Assam but not state capitals.

Ranchi has been the capital of Jharkhand since the state was carved out of Bihar in November 2000. Jamshedpur and Dhanbad are major industrial cities in Jharkhand, while Sindri is a town known for its fertilizer plant. Ranchi houses the state legislative assembly and secretariat.

Chandigarh serves as the capital of both Punjab and Haryana, making it a shared union territory. It is a planned city designed by Le Corbusier and serves as the administrative center for Punjab. Amritsar is a holy city for Sikhs but not the capital.

Jaipur, also known as the Pink City, has been the capital of Rajasthan since 1949. It houses the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly and Secretariat. Jodhpur and Udaipur are major cities but serve as administrative headquarters of their respective districts, not the state capital.

Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, located in the central part of the state. It houses the Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha and the state secretariat. Bhopal is known for its lakes and is often called the City of Lakes.

Shillong is the capital of Meghalaya and was the capital of Assam before Meghalaya became a separate state. It is known as the Scotland of the East due to its scenic beauty. Cherrapunji is famous for being one of the wettest places on Earth but is not the capital.

Agartala is the capital city of Tripura, located near the Bangladesh border. It is the second-largest city in Northeast India after Guwahati. The other options - Pilak (archaeological site), Deotamura (rock carvings), and Unakoti (Shiva pilgrimage) - are tourist destinations but not the capital.

Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, situated in the foothills of the Japfü range. It is known for the historic Battle of Kohima during World War II. The other options - Dimapur (commercial hub), Longleng, and Peren - are districts or cities but not the state capital.