Geography · General Awareness

Indian Climate and Seasons

1,515 Questions

The Indian climate is characterized by distinct seasonal variations, primarily driven by the southwest and retreating monsoons. Geography questions often focus on rainfall distribution, regional climate types, and pressure gradients. Solving these questions helps in understanding the underlying factors affecting Indian weather.

Tropical monsoon climateMonsoon wind directionRegional rainfall distributionPressure gradientsLocation and relief factors

Indian Climate and Seasons Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?

  1. Winter rain in North West India: Western disturbances
  2. Summer rain in Malabar coast: Retreating monsoon
  3. Summer rain in Bengal basin: North Westerly
  4. Winter rain in Tamil Nadu coast: N.E. Monsoon Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

  1. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. 1, 3 and 4

  3. 3 and 4

  4. 1 and 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Winter rain in Northwest India is caused by Western disturbances (1 correct). Summer rain in Bengal comes from North-Westesterly winds (3 correct). Winter rain in Tamil Nadu is from Northeast Monsoon (4 correct). However, summer rain in Malabar coast is from Southwest monsoon, not retreating monsoon (2 incorrect). Therefore, 1, 3, and 4 are correct.

Multiple choice

The regions which have 10-20 cm rainfall in October and November and less than 5 cm in rest of the months belong to

  1. Tamil Nadu and Himachal Pradesh

  2. Uttar Pradesh

  3. Karnataka and Maharashtra

  4. Rajasthan and Gujarat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tamil Nadu receives rainfall during October-November from the Northeast monsoon (retreating monsoon), which brings 10-20 cm. Himachal Pradesh also receives winter rain from Western disturbances. The pattern describes regions with specific seasonal rainfall concentration. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

Consider the following details: Average July temperature: 26o C to 32o C Average January temperature: 19o C to 28o C Rainfall = 200 cm These climatic characteristics are typical of which one of the following climatic zones?

  1. Humid South-eastern India

  2. Sub-humid littorals

  3. Humid north-eastern India

  4. Humid Sahyadri and West coast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The climatic characteristics show high temperatures year-round (19-32°C) with heavy rainfall (200 cm). This pattern with small annual temperature range and high precipitation is typical of the humid west coast and Sahyadri region (Western Ghats). Option D correctly identifies this zone.

Multiple choice

How do the Central Asian highlands affect the Indian climate?

  1. Wet, rain laden air blows throughout India.

  2. The low pressure in these areas intensifies the cold during winters.

  3. The atmospheric pressure in this region has an effect on the Indian atmosphere in summers.

  4. The atmospheric pressure in this region has an impact on the onset of monsoon in India.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Central Asian highlands develop high atmospheric pressure during winter, which creates a pressure gradient affecting India's climate. This pressure system influences the onset and timing of the Indian monsoon by affecting wind patterns and moisture movement. The relationship is particularly significant for monsoon dynamics rather than general summer atmospheric effects.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. Deserts typically receive less than 25 cm of rainfall in a year.

  2. Hot deserts of the world are found in the tropical regions between 15o and 30o north and south latitudes.

  3. Rainfall generally increases away from the equatorial region both northwards and southwards up to about 30o north and south.

  4. Mediterranean regions generally do not receive much rainfall in summers.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Deserts by definition receive less than 25 cm of annual rainfall. Hot deserts are typically located in tropical regions between 15° and 30° latitudes where descending dry air creates arid conditions. Rainfall generally decreases away from the equator towards these latitudes, not increases. Mediterranean regions experience dry summers due to shifting pressure belts, concentrating rainfall in winter.

Multiple choice

The irregularity in the amount of rainfall in different parts of the North Indian plains is mainly due to

  1. variation in the location of the axis of low pressure trough

  2. irregular intensity of low pressure in the North Western parts of India

  3. difference in frequency of cyclones

  4. variation in the amount of moisture carried by winds every year
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Irregular intensity of low pressure in the North Western parts of India is the main cause of irregularity in the amount of rainfall in different parts of the North Indian plains.

Multiple choice

The monsoon winds of Arabian Sea are unable to help the rainfall in India, because

  1. there is no obstacle in the way of the monsoon

  2. the monsoon winds blow over the desert land

  3. the velocity of the monsoon winds remains low

  4. a high pressure zone prevails over the Indian sub-continent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 The monsoon winds of Arabian Sea are unable to help the rainfall in India due to absence of obstacle in the way of the monsoon.

Multiple choice

During winters, the temperature in India remains quite low because

  1. the sun rays fall horizontally in the Northern Hemisphere during the winters

  2. of high atmospheric pressure belt found in the North-Western part of India during winters

  3. cold waves pass through the land during the winters and result in low temperatures

  4. monsoon winds blow during the winters
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During winters, the temperature in India remains quite low because the sun rays fall horizontally in the Northern Hemisphere during the winters. 

Multiple choice

What is the best climate for horticulture?

  1. Monsoon

  2. Tundra

  3. Mediterranean

  4. Equatorial
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mediterranean climate (wet winters, dry summers, moderate temperatures) is ideal for horticulture - fruits, vegetables, flowers. The moderate temperatures avoid extreme heat/cold stress, seasonal rainfall provides water during growing season, and dry summer reduces disease pressure. Monsoon (too wet/humid), Tundra (too cold), Equatorial (too hot/humid) are less suitable.