Geography · General Awareness

Indian Climate and Seasons

1,409 Questions

The Indian climate is characterized by distinct seasonal variations, primarily driven by the southwest and retreating monsoons. Geography questions often focus on rainfall distribution, regional climate types, and pressure gradients. Solving these questions helps in understanding the underlying factors affecting Indian weather.

Tropical monsoon climateMonsoon wind directionRegional rainfall distributionPressure gradientsLocation and relief factors

Indian Climate and Seasons Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following influences the rainfall in a region?

  1. Location of mountains

  2. Type of soil

  3. Density of population

  4. Sunrise and sunset
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mountains influence rainfall through orographic lifting - when moist air is forced to rise over mountains, it cools and condenses, causing precipitation on the windward side. This creates rain shadows on the leeward side. Soil type, population density, and sunrise/sunset times do not directly affect rainfall formation.

Multiple choice

The S.W. monsoon originated in India primarily due to

  1. low pressure over the Punjab plain
  2. high pressure in areas South of 8 degree North latitude
  3. equatorial low being filled up by descending currents
  4. the role of the Himalayas

  1. 1 and 4

  2. 1 and 2

  3. 1, 2 and 3

  4. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The S.W. monsoon (Southwest Monsoon) is primarily caused by low pressure over the Punjab plain and the Himalayas acting as a barrier to moisture-laden winds. These factors create the pressure differential that drives monsoon circulation. Option A correctly identifies factors 1 and 4.

Multiple choice

The temperature of Thiruvananthapuram is lower than that of Mumbai in May and higher than that of Mumbai in January because

  1. Thiruvananthapuram has cold current and Mumbai is faced with warm current

  2. Thiruvananthapuram has higher rainfall in summer and it is nearer to the equator

  3. Thiruvananthapuram is on the windward side and Mumbai is on the leeward side

  4. Thiruvananthapuram is thickly vegetated, while Mumbai is not
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Thiruvananthapuram has higher rainfall in summer and it is nearer to the equator

Multiple choice

Spatial differentiation is bound in Indian climate. What is the main cause for this?

  1. Indian climate is characterized by monsoon winds

  2. The great plains are located in the central India

  3. Extensive forest are found in the Indian land

  4. Natural differentiation is found in India
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The primary driver of spatial and temporal climatic variations across India is the monsoon wind system, which brings uneven distribution of rainfall and seasonal shifts. While other factors play a role, the monsoon is the definitive overarching cause.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?

  1. Winter rain in North West India: Western disturbances
  2. Summer rain in Malabar coast: Retreating monsoon
  3. Summer rain in Bengal basin: North Westerly
  4. Winter rain in Tamil Nadu coast: N.E. Monsoon Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

  1. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. 1, 3 and 4

  3. 3 and 4

  4. 1 and 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Winter rain in Northwest India is caused by Western disturbances (1 correct). Summer rain in Bengal comes from North-Westesterly winds (3 correct). Winter rain in Tamil Nadu is from Northeast Monsoon (4 correct). However, summer rain in Malabar coast is from Southwest monsoon, not retreating monsoon (2 incorrect). Therefore, 1, 3, and 4 are correct.

Multiple choice

The regions which have 10-20 cm rainfall in October and November and less than 5 cm in rest of the months belong to

  1. Tamil Nadu and Himachal Pradesh

  2. Uttar Pradesh

  3. Karnataka and Maharashtra

  4. Rajasthan and Gujarat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tamil Nadu receives rainfall during October-November from the Northeast monsoon (retreating monsoon), which brings 10-20 cm. Himachal Pradesh also receives winter rain from Western disturbances. The pattern describes regions with specific seasonal rainfall concentration. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

Consider the following details: Average July temperature: 26o C to 32o C Average January temperature: 19o C to 28o C Rainfall = 200 cm These climatic characteristics are typical of which one of the following climatic zones?

  1. Humid South-eastern India

  2. Sub-humid littorals

  3. Humid north-eastern India

  4. Humid Sahyadri and West coast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The climatic characteristics show high temperatures year-round (19-32°C) with heavy rainfall (200 cm). This pattern with small annual temperature range and high precipitation is typical of the humid west coast and Sahyadri region (Western Ghats). Option D correctly identifies this zone.

Multiple choice

How do the Central Asian highlands affect the Indian climate?

  1. Wet, rain laden air blows throughout India.

  2. The low pressure in these areas intensifies the cold during winters.

  3. The atmospheric pressure in this region has an effect on the Indian atmosphere in summers.

  4. The atmospheric pressure in this region has an impact on the onset of monsoon in India.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Central Asian highlands develop high atmospheric pressure during winter, which creates a pressure gradient affecting India's climate. This pressure system influences the onset and timing of the Indian monsoon by affecting wind patterns and moisture movement. The relationship is particularly significant for monsoon dynamics rather than general summer atmospheric effects.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. Deserts typically receive less than 25 cm of rainfall in a year.

  2. Hot deserts of the world are found in the tropical regions between 15o and 30o north and south latitudes.

  3. Rainfall generally increases away from the equatorial region both northwards and southwards up to about 30o north and south.

  4. Mediterranean regions generally do not receive much rainfall in summers.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Deserts by definition receive less than 25 cm of annual rainfall. Hot deserts are typically located in tropical regions between 15° and 30° latitudes where descending dry air creates arid conditions. Rainfall generally decreases away from the equator towards these latitudes, not increases. Mediterranean regions experience dry summers due to shifting pressure belts, concentrating rainfall in winter.