Geography · General Awareness

Indian Climate and Seasons

1,515 Questions

The Indian climate is characterized by distinct seasonal variations, primarily driven by the southwest and retreating monsoons. Geography questions often focus on rainfall distribution, regional climate types, and pressure gradients. Solving these questions helps in understanding the underlying factors affecting Indian weather.

Tropical monsoon climateMonsoon wind directionRegional rainfall distributionPressure gradientsLocation and relief factors

Indian Climate and Seasons Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

1.         Cherrapunji is the wettest place on Earth and the only place in India to receive rainfall throughout the year. 2.         East Khasi Hill nestles wettest places like Cherrapunji and Mawsynram.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1: It is incorrect. Cherrapunji is the second wettest on Earth after Mawsynram. It is about 50 km from Shillong in East Khasi Hill. Mawsynram is reported to be the wettest place on Earth. It has a reported average annual rainfall of 467.4 Inches (11,872 millimeters). Statement 2: It is correct. Mawsynram is a village in the East Khasi district of Meghalaya state in the North-East part of India. It’s about 65 kilometers from Shillong. Hence, the correct option is 2.

Multiple choice

Temperature and rainfall data of a meteorological station is given below:

 
Temperature (0°C) Rainfall (cm)
J 9.4 122
F 10.6 9.1
M 11.7 7.9
A 12.2 2.5
M 13.3 1.0
J 13.9 0.3
J 13.9 -
A 14.4 -
S 15.6 0.8
15.0 2.5
N 13.3 6.1
D 10.6 11.7

Average temperature: 12.8oC Average rainfall: 54.9 cm per annum

Identify the region having the above climatic patterns.

  1. Mediterranean region

  2. Monsoon region

  3. Steppe region

  4. N.W. European region
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The data shows a warm, dry summer (June-August) and a cool, wet winter (December-January). This pattern of winter rainfall and summer drought is the hallmark of the Mediterranean climate.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. In equatorial regions, a year is divided into four main seasons.
  2. In Mediterranean region, summer months receive more rainfall.
  3. In China type climate, rainfall occurs throughout the year.
  4. Tropical highlands exhibit vertical zonation of different climates.

Which of the above statements are correct?

  1. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. 1, 2 and 3

  3. 1, 2 and 4

  4. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

1st statement is wrong. Equatorial region has only two seasons. 2nd statement is wrong as Mediterranean gets rainfall during winter season too.

Multiple choice

For short-term climatic predictions, which of the following events, detected in the last decade, is associated with occasional weak monsoon rains in the Indian sub-continent?

  1. La Nina

  2. Movement of jet stream

  3. EI Nino and southern oscillations

  4. Greenhouse effect at global level
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Movement of jet stream affects the monsoon rain in India. Jet stream is a strong and rapidly moving circumpolar westerly air extending upto troposphere, having meandering course. The upper air westerly jet stream bifurcates into two as it flows over Indian sub-continent.

Multiple choice

The graph given below shows the mean average monthly temperatures (in oC) and mean monthly rainfall (in cms) of a place.

This graph is indicative of which climatic zone of the world?

  1. Wet and dry tropical

  2. Rainy tropical

  3. Semi-arid tropical

  4. Temperate marine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the graph, the temperature ranges from 15o to 25o C. So, the graph indicates wet and dry tropical region, and in this region, rainfall does not exceed 25 cm.

Multiple choice

The following have been proposed as the climatic regions of India by Koppen:

  1. Aw
  2. Cwg
  3. As
  4. E Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the climatic regions given above as they occur from south to north India ?

  1. 3-1-2-4

  2. 2-4-3-1

  3. 3-4-2-1

  4. 2-1-3-4

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to Koppen's classification, As (Monsoon with dry summer) is in the extreme south (Tamil Nadu coast), Aw (Tropical Savanna) is in the peninsula, Cwg (Monsoon with dry winter) is in the Gangetic plains, and E (Polar/Alpine) is in the northern Himalayas.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is/are the major factor/factors responsible for the monsoon type of climate in India ?

  1. Location
  2. Thermal contrast
  3. Upper air circulation
  4. Inter-tropical convergence zone Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 and 3 only

  3. 2,3 and 4 only

  4. 1,2,3 and 4

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by the country's location, the thermal contrast between land and sea, upper air circulation (jet streams), and the shifting of the ITCZ.

Multiple choice

The climate of India is typically

  1. subtropical

  2. tropical

  3. torrid

  4. tropical monsoonal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

India's climate is primarily influenced by monsoon winds, leading to a tropical monsoonal classification. This reflects the seasonal reversal of winds and the resulting rainfall patterns.

Multiple choice

The shaded areas in the following map of India receive an annual rainfall of

  1. 30 cm to 60 cm

  2. 100 cm to 150 cm

  3. 60 cm to 100 cm

  4. 200 cm and above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The shaded areas in the following map of India receive an annual rainfall of 200 cm and above. During the monsoon season between June and September, the unbroken Western Ghats and northeastern states act as barriers to the moisture laden clouds. The heavy, eastward-moving rain-bearing clouds are forced to rise and in the process, deposit most of their rain on the windward side. Rainfall in these regions averages 200 cm and above.