Important National and International Days

The International Day of Non-Violence is observed on October 2nd, which is Mahatma Gandhi's birth anniversary. Gandhi is the global icon of non-violent resistance. The other dates - August 15 (Indian Independence), November 14 (Children's Day), September 19, and January 30 (Gandhi's death anniversary) - are not recognized as Global Non-Violence Day.

International Literacy Day (World Literacy Day) is celebrated annually on September 8th, as proclaimed by UNESCO in 1966. It focuses on promoting literacy as a human right and essential for lifelong learning.

30 January is marked as Martyr’s Day at the national level. The date was chosen as it marks the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948.

World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th as designated by the United Nations. It was established in 1972 by the UN General Assembly to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on Human Environment. The date has remained consistent since its inception.

November 26th is celebrated as Law Day or Constitution Day in India to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution in 1949. This day marks the completion of the Constituent Assembly's work.

The summer solstice occurs around June 21-22 in the Northern Hemisphere, when the North Pole is tilted closest to the Sun. This results in the maximum daylight hours. Conversely, December 25 is near the winter solstice, the shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere.

CDS-I (Combined Defence Services Examination - I) is traditionally conducted by UPSC in February every year. This is the first of the two CDS exams held annually, with CDS-II typically held later in the year. The February timing has been consistent for many years.

CDS-II (Combined Defence Services Examination - II) was indeed held in September in 2011. This follows the typical pattern where CDS-II is conducted in the second half of the year. Note there's a typo in option A (Sepember instead of September), but it's the intended correct answer.

Correct answer is (1). 

The Election Commission of India has decided to celebrate the day its formation- 25 th January every year as the 'National Voters Day'. 

World Habitat Day, (4th October)  its theme, Better City, Better Life.

Paul the Octopus died 26 October 2010 was a common octopus from Weymouth, England. Paul became internationally famous after his feeding behavior was used to correctly predict the winner of each of Germany's seven matches in the 2010 World Cup, as well as the outcome of the final match.

May 11th is observed as National Technology Day in India to commemorate the Pokhran nuclear tests conducted in 1998. Labour Day is May 1st, AIDS Day is December 1st, and Women's Day is March 8th.

June 5 is observed as World Environment Day annually across the globe. It was established by the United Nations to raise awareness about environmental protection. The other options are observed on different dates: World Health Day (April 7), World Thrift Day (October 31), and World Water Day (March 22).

World Habitat Day is observed on the first Monday of October each year. In 2011, the first Monday of October fell on October 3rd, making this the correct date for that year's celebration.