Biology

Human Genetics and Disorders

882 Questions

Human Genetics and Disorders covers the inheritance patterns, genetic mutations, and molecular basis of hereditary diseases. Topics include sex-linked traits, cancer genetics, and metabolic disorders. This section tests knowledge critical for biology exams and general science papers.

Genetic mutationsInherited disordersCancer geneticsGenetic testingMendelian inheritance

Human Genetics and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

Which of the following gene is thought to play an important role in brain development?

  1. Sonic hedgehog

  2. Mario

  3. Snoopy

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is a critical signaling protein that plays a fundamental role in embryonic brain development and neural patterning. It helps organize the developing brain structure and regulates the differentiation of neural progenitor cells. The other options are fictional character names with no biological relevance.

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

Sickle-cell anaemia is caused due to point mutation of :

  1. Alinine to Aspartic acid

  2. Aspartic acid to Alanine

  3. Valine to Glutamic acid

  4. Glutamic acid to Valine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sickle-cell anemia results from a point mutation where Glutamic acid is replaced by Valine at position 6 of the beta-globin chain (Glu6Val mutation). This single amino acid change causes hemoglobin to polymerize under low oxygen, deforming red blood cells into sickle shapes.

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

Erythroblastosis fetalis is a potentially life-threatening blood disorder in a fetus or newborn infant. This is caused due to :-

  1. ABO incompatibility

  2. Rh incompatibility

  3. gene incompatibility

  4. Blood transfusion reactions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn) is caused by Rh incompatibility and ABO incompatibility between mother and fetus. These immune reactions destroy fetal red blood cells. Gene incompatibility and blood transfusion reactions are different conditions.

Multiple choice general knowledge

Polydactyly is a condition causing an individual to have more fingers or toes than normal. Most of us adding our fingers and toes together get 20 as the answer. Devendra Harne (b. 1995) and Pranamya Menaria (b. 2005) both have the condition. In 2009 they held the record between them for extra digits. If they count the fingers and toes on their hands and feet what total would they come up with?

  1. 23

  2. 25

  3. 24

  4. 22
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Normal humans have 20 digits (10 fingers + 10 toes). Polydactyly adds extra digits. Harne had 12 fingers and 13 toes (25 total), Menaria had similar counts. 25 is the correct sum of their combined digits. Option C (24) would be correct for just one person with 12 extra digits, but the question asks for their combined total.

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

In the context of genetic disorders, consider the following : A woman suffers from colour blindness while her husband does not suffer from it. They have a son and a daughter. In this context, which one of the following statements is most probabl) correct ?

  1. Both children suffer from colour blindness.

  2. Daughter suffers from colour blindness while son does not suffer from it.

  3. Both children do not suffer from colour blindness.

  4. Son suffers from colour blrndness while daughter does not suffer from it.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Color blindness is X-linked recessive. A color-blind woman (XcXc) passes one Xc to son (making him XcY - affected) and one Xc to daughter (making her XcX, where X is normal father's X). Daughter is a carrier but not affected, while son is affected. This is because males have only one X chromosome.

Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology

Which of the following is called as royal disease

  1. Anemia r

  2. Leukemia

  3. Haemophilia

  4. Colour blindness
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Haemophilia is called the 'royal disease' because it affected many members of European royal families, particularly the descendants of Queen Victoria of Britain. The X-linked recessive bleeding disorder was passed through several royal houses including those of Spain, Germany, and Russia.

Multiple choice general knowledge

If EFGH is related to VUTS then BCD is related to -----------

  1. YXW

  2. TVX

  3. UWX

  4. XZA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pattern uses each letter's position from the start and end of the alphabet. E is 5th from start, V is 5th from end (26-5+1=22). F is 6th from start, U is 6th from end. G is 7th from start, T is 7th from end. H is 8th from start, S is 8th from end. Applying to BCD: B is 2nd from start so Y (2nd from end), C is 3rd from start so X (3rd from end), D is 4th from start so W (4th from end). This gives YXW.

Multiple choice softskills leadership

anomalous

  1. descendants

  2. tear made by rending

  3. abnormal

  4. dirty mark with unclear edges made by rubbing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Anomalous means deviating from the norm or abnormal. Option A refers to descendants, option B describes a tear, and option D defines a smudge. The word comes from Greek anomalos (uneven).

Multiple choice softskills communication

congenital

  1. human trunk

  2. deserving blame

  3. existing at birth

  4. gene mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Congenital refers to conditions or traits that exist at or from birth. C 'existing at birth' is the precise definition. Human trunk and gene mutation are specific concepts, not definitions of congenital.

Multiple choice

Tay sachs disease is an example of which kind of mutation?

  1. Frame shift mutation

  2. Deletion mutation

  3. Addition mutation

  4. Missense mutation

  5. Nonsense mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mutations that disrupt the reading frame sequence by insertion or deletion of a non-multiple of 3 nucleotide bases are known as frameshift mutation.