Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

2,002 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Large intestine in man mainly carries out

  1. Absorption

  2. Assimilation

  3. Digestion of fats

  4. Digestion of carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The large intestine is the final section of the gastrointestinal tract that performs the vital task of absorbing water and vitamins while converting digested food into feces.
  •  Although shorter than the small intestine in length, the large intestine is considerably thicker in diameter, thus giving it its name. 
  • The large intestine is about 5 feet (1.5 m) in length and 2.5 inches (6-7 cm) in diameter.

Hence, the answer is (A)Absorption.

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs role of large intestine in digestion parts of the digestive system: structure and function food through digestive tract

In mammals, which of these causes the production of toxic products and foul smelling gases during digestion?

  1. Bacteria in large intestine

  2. Digestive juices

  3. Digestive enzymes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The chyle entering the large intestine consists of about 75% water and some fatty and proteinaceous substances. Water is absorbed into the blood as the waste materials move through the colon. The symbiotic bacteria E. coli and Streptococcus faecalis normally residing in the human healthy colon, feed on protein contents of chyle, breaking them into amino acids which are absorbed into the blood. The colon bacteria also synthesize vitamin B1, B2, biotin, folic acid and K which are absorbed. They convert bile pigments into brown pigments that give colour to faeces. Intestinal bacteria also produce foul-smelling compounds and gases (methane. hydrogen sulphide) which give the characteristic odour to intestinal gas and faeces. The intestinal bacteria also help prevent pathogenic microorganisms from establishing in the intestine. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs role of large intestine in digestion parts of the digestive system: structure and function food through digestive tract

Taenia coli are associated with

  1. Small intestine

  2. Stomach

  3. Large intestine

  4. Ileum part only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Taenia coli are  three bands of smooth muscles which runs in the length of large intestine. Taenia coli contract lengthwise to produce the haustra, the bulges in the colon.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Colon, caecum appendix and rectum are parts of

  1. Pancreas

  2. Liver

  3. Small intestine

  4. Large intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The inferior region of the large intestine forms a short dead-end segment known as the cecum that terminates in the vermiform appendix. The superior region forms a hollow tube known as the ascending colon that climbs along the right side of the abdomen. Just inferior to the diaphragm, the ascending colon turns about 90 degrees toward the middle of the body at the hepatic flexure and continues across the abdomen as the transverse colon. At the left side of the abdomen, the transverse colon turns about 90 degrees at the splenic flexure and runs down the left side of the abdomen as the descending colon. At the end of the descending colon, the large intestine bends slightly medially at the sigmoid flexure to form the S-shaped sigmoid colon before straightening into the rectum. The rectum is the enlarged final segment of the large intestine that terminates at the anus.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Most of the digestion and absorption of the food takes place in

  1. Stomach

  2. Liver

  3. Small intestine

  4. Large intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Small intestine is the longest part of alimentary canal. It extends from the pylorus of the stomach to the junction between cecum and ileum. Much of digestion and absorption of food takes place in the small intestine. The small intestine is divided into three parts duodenum, jejunum and ileum

So, the correct answer is 'Small intestine'

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The large intestine is ........ than small intestine.

  1. Wider and taller

  2. Fatter and shorter

  3. Wider and fatter

  4. Wider and shorter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The small intestine in adults is a long and narrow tube about 7 meters (23 feet) long. The large intestine is so called because it is wide in diameter. However, it is shorter than the small intestine, only about 1.5 meters (5 feet) long. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The digestive system processes food into usable and unusable materials. The usable materials are sent to the body's cells as food and unusable material goes into the

  1. Pancreas to await disposal

  2. Right ventricle to await disposal

  3. Large intestine to await disposal

  4. Small intestine to await disposal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process in which the complex and insoluble contents of food are converted into simpler and soluble substances, suitable for absorption and assimilation is called digestion. The food is digested by the digestive system with the help of digestive enzymes.  The usable materials are absorbed by the small intestine and the unusable food is passed on to the large intestine where the water is absorbed and moves to the anus for removal. Hence, the digestive system processes food into usable and unusable materials. The usable materials are sent to the body's cells as food and unusable material goes into the large intestine to await disposal.

So, the correct option is 'Large intestine to await disposal'.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Large intestine has ______

  1. Large lumen

  2. Large length

  3. Large Diameter

  4. A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Food is digested in three steps i.e mouth, stomach and small intestine. The undigested food is passed through large intestine. Large intestine larger diameter as compared to small intestine but is smaller in length.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Salts and water is absorbed in ____ 

  1. Blood

  2. Large Intestine

  3. Both A and B

  4. Insufficient Data
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Food is digested in small intestine. No digestion takes place in large intestine. Salt and water is absorbed by the large intestine to maintain Osmo regulation.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

I. Assertion- Large intestine absorbs salts and water.
II. Reason-  Villi present is large intestine.

  1. I and II are true, II is not correct explanation to I

  2. I and II both are false

  3. I is false II is true

  4. I and II both are true, II is correct explanation to I
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Digestion ends in small intestine. Waste products are excreted from our body through large intestine. Excess water and salts are absorbed from intestine through muscular finger like projections called Villi.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Water is largely absorbed in

  1. Stomach

  2. Oesophagus

  3. Small intestine

  4. Colon (large intestine)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The colon is part of the large intestine, the last part of the digestive system. Its function is to absorb water and then expel the useless waste left from the body. The colon consists of four parts: descending colon, ascending colon, transverse colon and sigmoid colon. 
The large intestine also helps in absorption of vitamins made by bacteria that normally live in the large intestine. These are friendly bacteria called as commensal bacteria. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

In which of the following, putrefying bacteria is present?

  1. Intestine

  2. Colon

  3. Stomach

  4. Liver
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Putrefaction is the decomposition of proteins caused due to bacterial or fungal decomposition of organic matter. The bacteria, yeast and other organisms in the fermented food allow colon to produce good bacteria. The fermented foods increase B vitamins such as riboflavin, thiamin and niacin. The activated form of folic acid is increased, which helps in cardiovascular and cancer risks. Choline is increased, which breaks down fat in the body and liver and helps with constipation. In addition, fermentation increases glutathione, an anti aging amino acid, and enzymes needed for digestion and detoxification.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal?

  1. Mouth---> stomach ---> small intestine ---> oesophagus ---> large intestine

  2. Mouth---> oesophagus ---> stomach---> large intestine ---> small intestine

  3. Mouth---> stomach ---> oesophagus ---> small intestine ---> large intestine

  4. Mouth---> oesophagus ---> stomach ---> small intestine ---> large intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The digestive system starts with the mouth, followed by the food pipe or oesophagus that opens into the stomach. The stomach secretes acid and powerful enzymes that continue the process of breaking the food down into simpler substances. From there, food moves to the small intestine, which is made up of three segments, i.e., the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver are poured in here. The duodenum is largely responsible for the continuing breakdown process, with the jejunum and ileum being mainly responsible for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. The colon (large intestine) is a five to the seven-foot long muscular tube that connects the small intestine to the rectum. It is made up of the cecum, the ascending (right) colon, the transverse (across) colon, the descending (left) colon and the sigmoid colon, which connects to the rectum. The large intestine is a highly specialized organ that is responsible for processing waste so that defecation (excretion of waste) is easy and convenient through the anus.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The sigmoid colon is a part of :-

  1. large intestine

  2. small intestine

  3. pharynx

  4. rectum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The sigmoid colon is the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus
  • It forms a loop that averages about 35-40 cm in length
  • The loop is typically shaped like a Greek letter sigma or Latin letter S
So, the correct answer is 'Large intestine'

Multiple choice biology food through digestive tract role of large intestine in digestion busy at work - our internal organs parts of the digestive system: structure and function

The large intestine in humans

  1. is connected to the stomach

  2. absorbs water

  3. is the longest part of the intestinal tract

  4. digests all types of food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
 The major function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter and remove the waste material from the body
So, the correct answer is 'Absorb water'