Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

2,002 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretion of gastric juice is stopped by

  1. Gastrin

  2. Secretin

  3. Enterogastrone

  4. Cholecystokinin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
B. Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
C. Enterogastrone is secreted from the duodenal mucosa and decreases the secretion of gastric juices.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
So, the correct answer is 'Enterogastrone'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which hormone stimulates the gastric glands to release the gastric secretion? 

  1. Enterogastrone

  2. Gastrin

  3. Pancreozymin

  4. Cholecystokinin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A. Enterogastrone is secreted from the duodenal mucosa and decreases the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
C. Pancreozymin is the former name of cholecystokinin hormone that stimulates the contraction of gall bladder and release of pancreatic juices into duodenum.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
So, the correct answer is 'Gastrin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by

  1. Stomach

  2. Liver

  3. Duodenum

  4. Ileum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
  • Secretin is secreted from duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
So, the correct answer is 'Duodenum'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Pancreatic enzyme and bicarbonate secretion is stimulated by 

  1. Gastrin

  2. Cholecystokin

  3. Duocrinin

  4. Enterogastrone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A. Gastrin is secreted from stomach and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Cholecystokinin is secreted by from duodenum and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice.
C. Duocrinin is secreted from intestine and stimulates the secretion of intestinal fluid.
D. Enterogastrone is secreted from duodenum and inhibits the secretion of gastric juice.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Cholecystokinin and enterocrinin are secreted by 

  1. Intestine

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal cortex

  4. Thyroid gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum. Enterocrinin is secreted from duodenum and stimulates release of alkaline mucus from the intestinal glands.
  • Pancreas is a heterocrine gland as it acts both as endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes insulin hormone into blood and act as endocrine gland and when it secretes digestive enzymes and juice through pancreatic duct, it acts as exocrine gland.
  • Adrenal cortex is part of adrenal gland and secretes glucocorticoids (cortisol,) mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) and sexocorticoids (androgens).
  • Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
 Hence, cholecystokinin and enterocrinin are secreted from duodenum (part of small intestine).
So, the correct answer is 'Intestine'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Gastric secretion is stopped by hormone

  1. Enterogastrone

  2. Gastrin

  3. Pancreozymin

  4. Cholecystokinin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A. Enterogastrone is secreted from the duodenal mucosa and decreases the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
C. Pancreozymin is the former name of Cholecystokinin.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
Hence, gastric secretion is stopped by Enterogastrone.
So, the correct answer is 'Enterogastrone'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretin stimulates secretion of bicarbonate from

  1. Liver

  2. Kidneys

  3. Pancreas

  4. Stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Liver is the digestive organ that secretes bile juice.
B. Kidneys are the paired excretory organs.
C. Pancreas is a heterocrine gland that secretes hormones insulin, glucagon and somatostatin and also secretes alkaline pancreatic juice that contains bicarbonate ions.
D. Stomach is the digestive organ that stores the food.
Secretin is secreted from the duodenum and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice. 
So, the correct answer is 'Pancreas'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretin hormone is secreted by and stimulates 

  1. Duodenum - pancreas

  2. Duodenum - liver

  3. Stomach - gastric glands

  4. Thyroid - thyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices. It is released in response to acid in the small intestine, and stimulates the pancreas and bile ducts to release a flood of bicarbonate base, which neutralizes the acid.
So, the correct answer is 'Duodenum - pancreas'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Gastrin hormone is secreted by 

  1. Pancreas

  2. Intestine

  3. Liver

  4. Stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Gastrin is a peptide hormone which is produced by G cells present in the lining of stomach. It is secreted in the stomach and stimulates gastric secretions. It stimulate the parietal cells of stomach to release HCl or hydrochloric acid which is main constituent of gastric juice. The release of gastrin is stimulated by the presence of peptides in the stomach lumen.
So, the correct answer is 'Stomach'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretion of gastric juice is controlled by 

  1. Enterogasterone

  2. Cholecystokinin

  3. Gastrin

  4. Motilin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Enterogastrone is secreted from duodenum and inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
C. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
D. Motilin is secreted from duodenum and regulates gastrointestinal contractions.
So, the correct answer is 'Gastrin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Cholecystokinin is a

  1. Bile pigment

  2. Enzyme

  3. Lipid

  4. Gastrointestinal hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Cholecystokinin is a peptide hormone secreted from the cells of duodenum which is an organ of gastrointestinal tract. It was formerly called as pancreozymin. It stimulates the gall bladder to contract and release bile juice (because gall bladder stores bile juice secreted by liver). It also stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum. The secretion of cholecystokinin controlled by the amount of amino acids and fatty acids in duodenum.
So, the correct answer is 'Gastrointestinal hormone'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Enterogastrone is secreted by

  1. Gastric mucosa

  2. Oesophageal mucosa

  3. Saliva

  4. Duodenal mucosa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Enterogastrone is a peptide hormone secreted by duodenal mucosa. It is secreted in duodenum when there are sugars and proteins and fatty food in the intestine. Duodenum is a part of small intestine present just after the stomach. Enterogastrone decreases gastric secretions. It also affects movement of chyme in the stomach.
So, the correct answer is 'Duodenal mucosa'.