Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

2,002 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Enterogastrone is

  1. Hormone secreted by mucosa

  2. Enzyme secreted by mucosa

  3. Hormone secreted by duodenal mucosa

  4. Secreted by endocrine gland related to digestion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
An enterogastrone is any hormone secreted by the mucosa of the duodenum in the lower gastrointestinal tract in response to dietary lipids that inhibits the caudal (or "forward, analward") motion of the contents of chime
So, the correct answer is 'Hormone secreted by duodenal mucosa'
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following inhibits secretion of gastric juice?

  1. Secretin

  2. Gastrin

  3. Cholecystokinin

  4. Pancreozymin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells intestinal gland of the duodenum. It inhibits the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells of the stomach thereby helps in regulating the pH of duodenum. Hence option A is correct.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Enterogastrone is present in

  1. Stomach

  2. Small intestine

  3. Oesophagus

  4. Both 'A' and 'B'
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Enterogastrone is a hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa, when fatty food is in the stomach or small intestine. It is also thought to be released, when sugars and proteins are in the intestine. Enterogastrone is transported by the bloodstream to the glands and muscles of the stomach, where it inhibits gastric movements and secretions, possibly by blocking the production or activity of gastrin, the hormone that initially causes these functions. Enterogastrone may slow down stomach emptying by reducing the amount of acid produced. High acid content causes the valve between the stomach and intestine to relax, allowing food passage.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Cholecystokinin stimulates which of these structure?

  1. Gall bladder

  2. Liver

  3. Pancreas

  4. Small intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cholecystokinin is secreted by cells of the upper small intestine. 
  • Its secretion is stimulated by the introduction of hydrochloric acid, amino acids, or fatty acids into the stomach or duodenum. 
  • Cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release stored bile into the intestine. Hence, Cholecystokinin stimulates Gall's bladder.
So, the correct answer is 'Gall's bladder'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

VIP hormone stimulates the secretion of

  1. Pepsinogen

  2. Trypsinogen

  3. Lipase

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • In the digestive system, VIP seems to induce smooth muscle relaxation (lower oesophagal sphincter, stomach, gallbladder), stimulate secretion of water into pancreatic juice and bile, and cause inhibition of gastric acid secretion and absorption from the intestinal lumen.
  •  Its role in the intestine is to greatly stimulate secretion of water and electrolytes, as well as relaxation of enteric smooth muscle, dilating peripheral blood vessels, stimulating pancreatic bicarbonate secretion, and inhibiting gastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. 
  •  It also has the function of stimulating pepsinogen secretion by chief cells. VIP seems to be an important neuropeptide during inflammatory bowel diseases.Hence, VIP hormone stimulates the secretion of Pepsinogen.
    So, the correct answer is 'Pepsinogen'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone secretin stimulates secretion of

  1. Pancreatic juice

  2. Bile juice

  3. Salivary juice

  4. Gastric juice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is a digestive hormone secreted by the wall of the duodenum. Secretin helps regulate the pH of the duodenum by inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells of the stomach and stimulates the acinar cells of the pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate into the pancreatic ducts that drain into the duodenum. 

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Pancreatic secretion and gall bladder contraction are stimulated by

  1. Gastrin

  2. Enterocrinin

  3. Enterogastrone

  4. Cholecystokinin

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

cholecystokinin or CCK is a hormone released by stimulating endocrine cells by the fatty acids in the lumen of the duodenum. CCK or cholecystokinin role is to stimulate in smooth muscles of gallbladder and release of pancreatic secretions.

So the correct option is 'Cholecystokinin '

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretin stimulates production of

  1. Saliva

  2. Gastric juice

  3. Bile

  4. Pancreatic juice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is a hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions, which helps neutralize stomach acid in the duodenum.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretin stimulates.

  1. Liver

  2. Gastric gland

  3. Pancreas

  4. Intestinal gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Secretin is a hormone secreted by the small intestine on being stimulated by low pH. It stimulates the pancreas to release water and bicarbonate ions. These are then drained into the pancreatic duct.
 So, the correct answer is ' pancreas'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretion of hormone cholecystokinin is for 

  1. Controlling blood pressure

  2. Inducing peristalsis

  3. Bile functions

  4. Release of insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder to release bile into the duodenum.